Amiloride + Hydrochlorothiazide
Find more information about this combination medication at the webpages for amiloride and hydrochlorothiazide
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
None
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Potassium-sparing Diuretic and Thiazide Diuretic
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Summary
Amiloride and hydrochlorothiazide are used to treat high blood pressure, which is a condition where the force of the blood against the artery walls is too high, and fluid retention, known as edema, which is swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissues. These conditions can be related to heart failure, liver cirrhosis, or kidney disorders. By managing these issues, the medications help prevent complications like heart disease and stroke.
Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which helps the kidneys remove excess salt and water, reducing blood volume and pressure. Amiloride is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means it helps retain potassium while also aiding in fluid removal. Together, they ensure effective blood pressure control and maintain electrolyte balance, particularly potassium levels, which is crucial for heart and muscle function.
The usual adult daily dose for the combination of amiloride and hydrochlorothiazide typically starts with one tablet containing 5 mg of amiloride and 50 mg of hydrochlorothiazide, taken once daily. The exact dosage should be determined by a healthcare provider based on individual needs, such as blood pressure levels and kidney function. It's important to follow the prescribed dosage and not adjust it without consulting a healthcare professional.
Common side effects of amiloride and hydrochlorothiazide include dizziness, headache, and gastrointestinal issues like nausea. Hydrochlorothiazide may cause low potassium levels, while amiloride can lead to high potassium levels, known as hyperkalemia. Significant adverse effects can include electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and kidney problems. Monitoring for symptoms like muscle weakness or irregular heartbeat is important to prevent serious side effects.
Important warnings include the risk of electrolyte imbalances, such as high potassium levels with amiloride and low potassium with hydrochlorothiazide. People with kidney problems, high potassium levels, or those taking potassium supplements should use caution. Contraindications include severe kidney disease and hypersensitivity to either medication. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and electrolytes is crucial to avoid complications. Inform healthcare providers of any existing health conditions before starting these medications.
Indications and Purpose
How does combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide work?
Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide work together as diuretics to manage blood pressure and fluid retention. Hydrochlorothiazide increases urine production by promoting the excretion of sodium and chloride, which helps reduce fluid buildup. Amiloride complements this action by conserving potassium, preventing its excessive loss, which is a common side effect of diuretics. Together, they effectively manage hypertension and heart failure symptoms.
How effective is combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide?
The effectiveness of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide is supported by their ability to manage blood pressure and fluid retention. Hydrochlorothiazide is a well-established diuretic that reduces fluid buildup by increasing urine production, while Amiloride helps maintain potassium levels, preventing hypokalemia. Clinical studies have shown that the combination of these two medications provides effective diuresis and blood pressure control, particularly in patients who are at risk of low potassium levels.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide?
The usual adult daily dose for the combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide is one tablet, which contains 5 mg of Amiloride and 50 mg of Hydrochlorothiazide. This combination is typically taken once a day with food. The dosage may be increased to two tablets per day if necessary, but more than two tablets daily is generally not recommended. Both medicines work together to manage blood pressure and fluid retention, with Amiloride helping to conserve potassium.
How does one take combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide?
Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide should be taken once daily in the morning with food to enhance absorption and reduce stomach upset. Patients may be advised to follow a low-salt diet and increase their intake of potassium-rich foods, such as bananas and orange juice, unless otherwise directed by their doctor. It's important to take the medication at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
For how long is combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide taken?
Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide are typically used as long-term treatments for managing high blood pressure and heart failure. While they do not cure these conditions, they help control symptoms and prevent complications. Patients are advised to continue taking the medication even if they feel well, and any changes in dosage or discontinuation should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
How long does it take for combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide to work?
Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide start working within 1 to 2 hours after ingestion. Hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, begins its action by increasing urine production, which helps reduce blood pressure and fluid retention. Amiloride, on the other hand, works by conserving potassium while also contributing to diuretic effects. The combination ensures effective diuresis while minimizing potassium loss, with effects lasting approximately 24 hours.
Warnings and Precautions
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide?
Common side effects of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide include upset stomach, diarrhea, loss of appetite, stomach pain, gas, and headache. Significant adverse effects may include dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, slow or irregular heartbeat, unusual bleeding or bruising, yellowing of the skin or eyes, rash, hives, and difficulty breathing. Patients should report severe or persistent symptoms to their doctor immediately.
Can I take combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide with other prescription drugs?
Significant prescription drug interactions with Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide include those with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which can reduce the effectiveness of the diuretics. Additionally, interactions with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus can increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to manage potential interactions effectively.
Can I take combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide if I am pregnant?
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide in pregnant women. Animal studies have not shown harm to the fetus, but thiazides cross the placenta and may cause fetal or neonatal jaundice and other adverse effects. The medication should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed, and potential risks should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Can I take combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide while breastfeeding?
Amiloride is excreted in animal milk, but it's unclear if it passes into human breast milk. Hydrochlorothiazide does appear in breast milk and may pose risks to nursing infants. Due to potential adverse effects, a decision should be made to either discontinue breastfeeding or the medication, considering the drug's importance to the mother. Consultation with a healthcare provider is essential.
Who should avoid taking combination of Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide?
Important warnings for Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide include the risk of hyperkalemia, especially in patients with kidney disease or diabetes. The medication is contraindicated in patients with elevated potassium levels, severe kidney impairment, or hypersensitivity to sulfonamide-derived drugs. Patients should be monitored for electrolyte imbalances and advised to avoid potassium supplements unless directed by a healthcare provider.
