Piracetam

Epilepsy

DRUG STATUS

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Approvals

UK(BNF)

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Essential Medicine

NO

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Teratogenicity

Unlisted

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Pharmaceutical Class

N/A

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Drug Ingredient

Piracetam

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Summary

  • Piracetam is a medicine primarily used to help adults with a specific type of muscle jerk problem known as myoclonus. It may also be used for adults whose kidneys are not functioning optimally.

  • Piracetam works by improving blood flow and the way blood cells function. It makes red blood cells more flexible and less sticky, which eases blood flow through tiny blood vessels. It also reduces blood clotting factors. The exact way it helps with myoclonus isn't fully understood.

  • Piracetam is taken orally, with or without food. For adults, the starting dose is usually 7.2 grams per day, and this may be increased gradually. The total daily dose should not exceed 24 grams. The dose is usually split into two or three smaller doses taken throughout the day.

  • Some people taking Piracetam may experience restlessness, sleepiness, nervousness, and sadness. More serious side effects can include bleeding issues, allergic reactions, or mental changes like confusion or hallucinations. It can also make some people feel jittery or restless, or cause sleepiness or sadness.

  • Piracetam should not be used by people with severe kidney problems, bleeding in the brain, or Huntington's disease. It's also risky for people who bleed easily, or those on blood thinners. Stopping it suddenly can cause seizures. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before using it.

Indications and Purpose

What is Piracetam used for?

Piracetam is a medicine sometimes used to help adults with a type of muscle jerk called myoclonus that starts in the brain. It's usually used along with other medicines for this condition. It may also be used for adults whose kidneys aren't working very well.

How does Piracetam work?

Piracetam's exact way of helping with a specific type of muscle jerk (cortical myoclonus) isn't understood. However, it seems to improve blood flow and the way blood cells work. It makes red blood cells more flexible and less sticky, easing blood flow through tiny blood vessels. It also reduces blood clotting factors. The medicine is quickly absorbed into the body and reaches its highest level in the blood within about an hour and a half. It also travels easily to the brain and even crosses the placenta.

Is Piracetam effective?

Effectiveness varies:

  • Clinical use: Shown to help in conditions like cognitive impairment or myoclonus.
  • Healthy individuals: Evidence for cognitive enhancement is mixed and less robust.

How does one know if Piracetam is working?

mprovements in memory, learning ability, or symptoms of the treated condition suggest it’s working. Regular assessment with your doctor is key.

Directions for Use

What is the usual dose of Piracetam?

For adults, the starting dose of piracetam is 7.2 grams per day. The doctor might gradually increase this by 4.8 grams every few days, but the total daily dose shouldn't go above 24 grams. This total daily amount is usually split into two or three smaller doses taken throughout the day. There's no standard dose for children.

How do I take Piracetam?

Piracetam is a medicine you swallow. You can take it with or without food. It's usually best to take it in two or three smaller doses throughout the day, rather than all at once. There's nothing special you need to avoid eating while taking it.

For how long do I take Piracetam?

How long you take this medicine depends on your illness. For sudden, short-term problems, doctors try to lower your dose and stop the medicine every six months. They'll reduce it slowly, a bit at a time. If it's a different kind of problem, you'll keep taking the medicine as long as your brain condition lasts.

How long does it take for Piracetam to start working?

Piracetam may take a few days to weeks to show noticeable effects, depending on the condition and individual response.

How should I store Piracetam?

It means you don't need to do anything special to keep the item safe. You can store it normally.

Warnings and Precautions

Who should avoid taking Piracetam?

Piracetam is a medicine that shouldn't be used by people with severe kidney problems, bleeding in the brain, or Huntington's disease. It's also risky for people who bleed easily (like those with stomach ulcers or bleeding disorders) or take blood thinners. Older people taking it long-term need regular kidney function checks. Stopping it suddenly can cause seizures. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should talk to their doctor before using it. Very high doses contain a lot of sodium, which should be considered.

Can I take Piracetam with other prescription drugs?

Piracetam generally doesn't interact strongly with other medicines. It's mostly passed out of the body unchanged, meaning it doesn't interfere much with how the liver processes other drugs. Studies haven't shown problems when taking it with common seizure medicines or alcohol. However, taking it with thyroid medicine might cause problems like confusion, restlessness, and sleep trouble. Also, using it with a blood thinner (acenocoumarol) can increase bleeding risk.

Can I take Piracetam with vitamins or supplements?

Piracetam, a drug for improving brain function, generally doesn't interact strongly with other medications. Most of it leaves the body unchanged, and it doesn't significantly affect the liver enzymes that process many drugs. While very high doses might slightly affect some liver enzymes, it hasn't been shown to alter the blood levels of common medications like those for seizures or blood thinning. However, taking it with thyroid medication might cause problems like confusion or sleep issues. Alcohol also doesn't seem to interact with it. Although it can affect blood clotting slightly, it doesn't appear to significantly change how well blood thinners work.

Can Piracetam be taken safely while pregnant?

Piracetam is a medicine, and pregnant women should only take it if their doctor says it's absolutely necessary. There isn't enough information about how it affects humans during pregnancy. Tests on animals haven't shown any problems, but the medicine does get passed to the baby through the placenta. Because of this lack of human data, it's a risky medicine to take while pregnant unless a doctor feels the potential benefits clearly outweigh any possible risks to the mother or baby.

Can Piracetam be taken safely while breastfeeding?

Piracetam, a medicine, passes into breast milk. Because of this, mothers who are taking piracetam may need to choose between breastfeeding and taking the medicine. Doctors will help weigh the importance of the medicine for the mother against the benefits of breastfeeding for the baby to decide what's best.

Is Piracetam safe for the elderly?

Piracetam is a medicine sometimes given to older people. Their kidneys need to be checked regularly because piracetam is removed from the body by the kidneys. If the kidneys aren't working well, the doctor might need to lower the dose of piracetam to prevent problems.

Is it safe to exercise while taking Piracetam?

Yes, exercise is safe and may enhance cognitive benefits when combined with Piracetam. However, monitor for dizziness or fatigue.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Piracetam?

Taking piracetam (a medication) with alcohol doesn't change how much of either is in your blood. They don't interact with each other in a significant way at that dose.