Clopidogrel
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DRUG STATUS
Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
Essential Medicine
YES
Teratogenicity
N/A
Pharmaceutical Class
P2Y12 Platelet Inhibitor
Clopidogrel
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Click HereSummary
Clopidogrel is used to treat people with heart or circulation problems such as chest pain, poor circulation in their legs, a heart attack or a stroke. It helps to prevent blood clots from forming in the arteries which can block blood flow and cause serious problems.
Clopidogrel is a medicine that prevents blood clots from forming. It works by stopping platelets in the blood from sticking together and forming clots. This improves blood flow and reduces the likelihood of blockage in blood vessels.
The usual dosage of Clopidogrel for adults is typically 75 mg once daily. It can be taken with or without food and should be swallowed whole with a glass of water. In some cases, higher doses e.g. 300 mg may be used initially especially after a heart attack or stroke.
Clopidogrel can cause side effects like bleeding easier than usual, nosebleeds or bruising. Serious side effects are rare and include things like coughing up blood, blood in urine, stools or vomit, yellowing of the eyes or skin, extreme fatigue or signs of infection like fever or sore throat.
Clopidogrel should be used with caution in people with active bleeding disorders such as peptic ulcer disease or intracranial hemorrhage. It is not recommended for patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Clopidogrel or any of its components, as well as those with severe liver disease. It should also be used cautiously in combination with certain drugs such as proton pump inhibitors or anticoagulants.
Indications and Purpose
What is Clopidogrel used for?
Clopidogrel are used to treat people with heart or circulation problems, such as chest pain, poor circulation in their legs, a heart attack, or a stroke. They help to prevent blood clots from forming in the arteries, which can block blood flow and cause serious problems.
How does Clopidogrel work?
Clopidogrel is a medicine that prevents blood clots from forming. Blood clots can block blood vessels and cause heart attacks or strokes. Clopidogrel works by stopping platelets in the blood from sticking together and forming clots.
Is Clopidogrel effective?
Clopidogrel has been proven effective in multiple clinical trials for preventing cardiovascular events like heart attacks and strokes. Studies show that it reduces the risk of blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated in patients with acute coronary syndrome, following stent placement, and in those with peripheral artery disease, significantly lowering the risk of major cardiovascular events.
How does one know if Clopidogrel is working?
The benefit of Clopidogrel is evaluated by monitoring its effects on reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks, strokes, or blood clots. This is typically assessed through clinical outcomes, including patient survival rates, the prevention of ischemic events, and the reduction in the need for revascularization procedures. Platelet function tests can also help assess the effectiveness of the drug in inhibiting platelet aggregation.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Clopidogrel?
The medicine's recommended amount for grown-ups is 75 milligrams taken once a day. We don't know how much to give children.
How do I take Clopidogrel?
Clopidogrel can be taken with or without food. There are no specific food restrictions, but it’s important to avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as it may affect the metabolism of the medication. The tablet should be swallowed whole with a glass of water, and should not be crushed or chewed. Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
For how long do I take Clopidogrel?
Clopidogrel is a medicine that needs to be taken for a long time, maybe weeks, months, or even your whole life, to work best. While you'll see the most improvement in the first couple of months, it keeps working and getting better the longer you take it.
How long does it take for Clopidogrel to start working?
Clopidogrel starts working within 2 hours after you take it. It helps prevent blood clots, which can cause heart attacks and strokes.
How should I store Clopidogrel?
Store clopidogrel tablets in a cool, dry place between 59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C). Keep all medicines away from children.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Clopidogrel?
Clopidogrel should be used with caution in people with active bleeding disorders, such as peptic ulcer disease or intracranial hemorrhage. It is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Clopidogrel or any of its components, as well as those with severe liver disease. Caution is advised for patients with a history of stroke, as Clopidogrel may increase bleeding risk. It should also be used cautiously in combination with certain drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors or anticoagulants.
Can I take Clopidogrel with other prescription drugs?
Clopidogrel can interact with several prescription drugs, notably those that affect blood clotting, such as warfarin, aspirin, or other anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding. It also interacts with proton pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole), which may reduce its effectiveness. Certain antidepressants like fluoxetine and fluvoxamine may also impair Clopidogrel’s action, so these interactions should be monitored by a healthcare provider.
Can I take Clopidogrel with vitamins or supplements?
Clopidogrel may interact with vitamin supplements like Vitamin E and fish oil, as they can increase the risk of bleeding. High doses of Vitamin E, in particular, may enhance Clopidogrel’s blood-thinning effects. It is important to inform your healthcare provider of any vitamin or supplement use to avoid potential interactions and ensure proper monitoring.
Can Clopidogrel be taken safely while pregnant?
Clopidogrel is a medicine that should not normally be taken by pregnant women. However, if it is essential for your condition, it can be taken. It is not thought to harm your baby, but the evidence is limited. It is important to talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of taking clopidogrel during pregnancy. There may be other treatments that are more suitable for you during this time. Your doctor or pharmacist can advise you on the best course of action. Do not stop taking clopidogrel unless advised to do so by your doctor.
Can Clopidogrel be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Yes, you can take clopidogrel while breastfeeding if your doctor recommends it. But, it's unclear if it gets into breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider to decide if you should stop or continue breastfeeding when taking clopidogrel. If Clopidogrel is used while breastfeeding, it's crucial to monitor the infant for any signs of bruising or bleeding. It's also important to consult with a healthcare professional to discuss the potential risks and benefits and to determine the best course of action.
Is Clopidogrel safe for the elderly?
Clopidogrel dosage doesn't need to be changed for older adults. Studies show that a significant portion of people who took clopidogrel in clinical trials were elderly. One study included about half (50%) of participants aged 65 and older, with 15% being 75 or older. Another showed 58% were 60 or older, and 26% were 70 or older. These results suggest that age alone doesn't affect how well clopidogrel works. This means doctors generally prescribe the same dose of clopidogrel for older and younger adults. However, always follow your doctor’s advice for your individual needs.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Clopidogrel?
Since clopidogrel is used to prevent blood clots in people with heart problems, it is important to talk to your doctor about what type of exercise is right for you.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Clopidogrel?
Do not drink too much as it can irritate your stomach.