Capecitabine
Breast Neoplasms, Colorectal Neoplasms
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DRUG STATUS
Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
Essential Medicine
YES
Teratogenicity
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Nucleoside Metabolic Inhibitor
Capecitabine
Know More About This Medicine -
Click HereSummary
Capecitabine is used to treat certain types of cancers including colorectal cancer, metastatic breast cancer, and other solid tumors.
Capecitabine is a prodrug that converts into 5-fluorouracil in the body. It blocks DNA production in cancer cells, preventing their replication and slowing tumor growth.
The typical dose for adults is 1250 mg/m² twice daily for 14 days, followed by a 7-day rest period. It is taken orally, within 30 minutes after eating.
Common side effects include diarrhea, hand-foot syndrome, redness and peeling of skin on palms and soles, nausea, and fatigue. Serious side effects like severe diarrhea, chest pain, or infections should be reported immediately.
Capecitabine is unsafe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It may also interact with certain drugs like warfarin, phenytoin, and leucovorin. It's not recommended for people with severe kidney impairment or those taking anticoagulants. Always share your full medication list with your doctor.
Indications and Purpose
What is Capecitabine used for?
Capecitabine treats colorectal cancer, metastatic breast cancer, and other solid tumors. It is often used alone or combined with other chemotherapy agents.
How does Capecitabine work?
Capecitabine is a prodrug that becomes 5-fluorouracil in the body. 5-FU blocks DNA production in cancer cells, preventing their replication and slowing tumor growth.
Is Capecitabine effective?
Capecitabine is effective for certain cancers, as studies have shown significant survival benefits and tumor size reduction. Its efficacy is increased when combined with other therapies.
How does one know if Capecitabine is working?
Tumor shrinkage is evaluated through imaging (e.g., CT scans) and reduced cancer markers. Symptom relief, such as less pain or fatigue, may also indicate effectiveness.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Capecitabine?
The typical dose for adults is 1,250 mg/m² twice daily for 14 days, followed by a 7-day rest period. The dose is adjusted based on the patient’s condition and side effects. It is not generally used in children.
How do I take Capecitabine?
Take Capecitabine within 30 minutes after eating, twice daily. Swallow the tablets whole with water. Avoid crushing or splitting the tablets and follow the prescribed schedule strictly.
For how long do I take Capecitabine?
The duration depends on the type of cancer, treatment response, and tolerance to the drug. It is commonly administered in cycles, with 14 days of treatment followed by a 7-day break. The total duration is determined by your oncologist.
How long does it take for Capecitabine to start working?
Its effects vary, but tumor shrinkage or symptom improvement is generally noticed within a few weeks to months of starting treatment. Regular scans and tests monitor progress.
How should I store Capecitabine?
Store at room temperature (15–30°C) in a dry place, away from sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Capecitabine?
Avoid if allergic to Capecitabine or fluorouracil, have severe kidney impairment, or are taking anticoagulants. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should not use it due to potential harm to the baby.
Can I take Capecitabine with other prescription drugs?
Certain drugs, like warfarin, phenytoin, and leucovorin, may interact with Capecitabine, increasing toxicity risks. Share your full medication list with your oncologist.
Can I take Capecitabine with vitamins or supplements?
Inform your doctor about supplements, especially folic acid, as it may enhance side effects. Avoid unknown or herbal remedies without consulting your doctor.
Can Capecitabine be taken safely while pregnant?
Capecitabine is unsafe during pregnancy as it can harm the fetus. Effective contraception should be used during treatment, and women must avoid pregnancy.
Can Capecitabine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Breastfeeding is not recommended, as Capecitabine can pass into breast milk and harm the infant. Discontinue breastfeeding or consult your doctor for alternatives.
Is Capecitabine safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients are at higher risk of side effects like hand-foot syndrome and diarrhea. Dose adjustments and careful monitoring are necessary for older individuals.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Capecitabine?
Light to moderate exercise is safe and beneficial if tolerated. Avoid strenuous activities if you feel tired or unwell. Consult your doctor before starting a new exercise routine.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Capecitabine?
Alcohol may worsen nausea or dehydration. It’s safer to limit alcohol intake and stay hydrated during treatment. Ask your doctor about occasional use.
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