Busulfan
BCR-ABL Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Polycythemia Vera ... show more
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DRUG STATUS
Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
Essential Medicine
NO
Teratogenicity
Unlisted
Pharmaceutical Class
Alkylating Drug
Busulfan
Know More About This Medicine -
Click HereSummary
Busulfan is primarily used to treat a type of blood cancer called chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). It is also used in combination with other drugs to prepare patients for bone marrow transplantation.
Busulfan works by binding to DNA in cancer cells and interfering with their replication, which slows or stops their growth. This is particularly effective in reducing a type of white blood cells in CML.
Busulfan is usually taken orally once a day. The dose for adults typically ranges from 4 to 8 mg per day. For children, the dose is usually based on their body weight or surface area.
Common side effects of Busulfan include nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and dizziness. Serious adverse effects include severe bone marrow suppression, pulmonary fibrosis, and increased risk of secondary cancers.
Busulfan may harm the fetus and is not recommended during pregnancy. It can also cause severe bone marrow suppression and may increase the risk of other cancers. Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Busulfan should not use it.
Indications and Purpose
What is Busulfan used for?
Busulfan is primarily indicated for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and is used in combination with other drugs to prepare patients for bone marrow transplantation. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by a healthcare provider.
How does Busulfan work?
Busulfan is an alkylating agent that works by binding to DNA and interfering with the replication of cancer cells, thereby slowing or stopping their growth. It is particularly effective in reducing the granulocyte mass in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Is Busulfan effective?
Busulfan is effective in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) by reducing the total granulocyte mass and relieving symptoms. Approximately 90% of adults with previously untreated CML achieve hematologic remission with Busulfan. It is also used in preparation for bone marrow transplants.
How does one know if Busulfan is working?
The benefit of Busulfan is evaluated through regular blood tests to monitor blood cell counts and assess the body's response to the medication. These tests help determine if the dosage needs adjustment or if treatment should be paused to allow blood counts to recover.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Busulfan?
For adults, the usual dose range of Busulfan is 4 to 8 mg total per day. For children, dosing is typically based on body weight or surface area, approximately 60 mcg/kg of body weight or 1.8 mg/m² of body surface area daily. Always follow the specific dosing instructions provided by a healthcare provider.
How do I take Busulfan?
Busulfan is taken orally, usually once a day, at the same time each day. The content does not specify food restrictions, but it is important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding food intake. Patients should not alter the dosage without consulting their doctor.
For how long do I take Busulfan?
The duration of Busulfan treatment varies depending on the type of cancer being treated and the patient's response to the medication. It is typically used until the desired reduction in white blood cell count is achieved, which can take 12 to 20 weeks. The exact duration should be determined by a healthcare provider.
How long does it take for Busulfan to start working?
The effects of Busulfan on blood cell counts may not be seen for 10 to 15 days after starting treatment. The leukocyte count may continue to fall for more than a month after discontinuing the drug, indicating its prolonged action in the body.
How should I store Busulfan?
Busulfan should be stored in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature, away from excess heat and moisture. It should be kept out of reach of children. Unused medication should be disposed of through a medicine take-back program, not flushed down the toilet.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Busulfan?
Busulfan can cause severe bone marrow suppression, leading to low blood cell counts. It may also increase the risk of developing other cancers. Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Busulfan or its components should not use it. Regular monitoring of blood counts is essential to avoid complications.
Can I take Busulfan with other prescription drugs?
Busulfan may interact with medications like acetaminophen, itraconazole, and cyclophosphamide, affecting its clearance and increasing toxicity. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to avoid potential interactions and adjust dosages as necessary.
Can I take Busulfan with vitamins or supplements?
The content does not specifically mention interactions with vitamins or supplements. However, patients should inform their healthcare provider of all supplements they are taking, as some may affect Busulfan's efficacy or increase side effects.
Can Busulfan be taken safely while pregnant?
Busulfan may harm the fetus and is not recommended during pregnancy. Women of childbearing potential should use reliable birth control and avoid becoming pregnant while on Busulfan. If pregnancy occurs, they should contact their healthcare provider immediately. There is evidence of potential teratogenic effects from animal studies.
Can Busulfan be taken safely while breastfeeding?
It is not known whether Busulfan is excreted in human milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse effects in nursing infants, a decision should be made to either discontinue breastfeeding or stop the medication, considering the importance of the drug to the mother.
Is Busulfan safe for the elderly?
The content does not provide specific recommendations for the elderly. However, it is generally advised to start at the lower end of the dosing range for elderly patients due to the potential for decreased organ function and the presence of other medical conditions. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Busulfan?
The content does not specifically address whether Busulfan limits the ability to exercise. However, due to potential side effects like fatigue and weakness, patients may find it challenging to maintain their usual exercise routines. It is important to discuss any exercise plans with a healthcare provider while on Busulfan.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Busulfan?
The provided content does not specifically mention the effects of alcohol on Busulfan. However, it is generally advisable to consult with a healthcare provider before consuming alcohol while on any medication, as alcohol can potentially interact with medications and affect their efficacy or increase side effects.
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