Verapamil
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Calcium Channel Blocker
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Verapamil
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Click HereSummary
Verapamil is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), and certain heart rhythm disorders such as chronic atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker. It works by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the heart and smooth muscle cells. This leads to relaxation of blood vessels, reduced heart rate, and decreased cardiac workload, helping lower blood pressure, reduce chest pain, and control heart rhythm.
For adults, the typical daily dose for hypertension is 80 mg to 120 mg taken three times a day. For angina, the dose is similar, and for arrhythmias, it ranges from 240 mg to 480 mg per day in divided doses. Verapamil can be taken with or without food.
Common side effects of Verapamil include constipation, dizziness, nausea, low blood pressure, headache, and swelling. Serious adverse effects can include heart failure, severe low blood pressure, and certain types of heart block.
Verapamil is not recommended for patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction, low blood pressure, sick sinus syndrome, and certain types of heart block unless they have a functioning pacemaker. It should be used with caution in patients with impaired liver or kidney function. Also, it interacts with several medications, so inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking.
Indications and Purpose
How does one know if Verapamil is working?
Verapamil is used to treat conditions like hypertension and certain heart rhythm disorders. You can tell it's working if your blood pressure is lower or your heart rhythm is more regular. Regular monitoring by your healthcare provider, including blood pressure checks and possibly ECGs, will help assess its effectiveness.
How does Verapamil work?
Verapamil works by blocking calcium channels in the heart and blood vessels. This action relaxes the blood vessels and reduces the heart rate, leading to lower blood pressure and improved blood flow. It's like opening a valve to let more water through a pipe, easing the pressure.
Is Verapamil effective?
Verapamil is effective in treating conditions like hypertension and certain heart rhythm disorders. It works by relaxing blood vessels and reducing heart rate, which helps lower blood pressure and improve heart function. Clinical trials support its effectiveness in these areas.
What is Verapamil?
Verapamil is a medication used primarily to treat high blood pressure and certain heart rhythm disorders. It works by relaxing blood vessels and reducing heart rate, which helps improve blood flow and lower blood pressure. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by a healthcare provider.
What is Verapamil used for?
Verapamil is used to treat high blood pressure, certain heart rhythm disorders, and sometimes angina (chest pain). It helps by relaxing blood vessels and reducing heart rate, improving blood flow and lowering blood pressure. It can be used alone or with other treatments as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Verapamil?
Verapamil is typically used for long-term management of chronic conditions like hypertension. The duration of use depends on the condition being treated and the individual's response. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding the duration of treatment.
How do I dispose of Verapamil?
If you can, bring unused medicines to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of this medicine properly so they don't harm people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw most medicines in the trash at home. But first, take them out of their original containers, mix them with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag and throw it away.
How do I take Verapamil?
Take Verapamil with or without food, as directed by your healthcare provider. It is usually taken once or twice daily. Avoid grapefruit juice while taking this medication, as it can interfere with its effectiveness. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions for timing and frequency.
How long does it take for Verapamil to start working?
Verapamil typically starts working within a few hours, but it may take a few days to achieve its full therapeutic effect. Individual factors like age, weight, and overall health can affect how quickly it works. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions for this medication.
How should I store Verapamil?
Store Verapamil at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a secure place out of reach of children. Avoid storing it in the bathroom or near a sink to prevent exposure to moisture.
What is the usual dose of Verapamil?
The usual starting dose of Verapamil for adults is 80 mg to 120 mg, taken three to four times daily. The dose may be adjusted based on the individual's response and needs. The maximum recommended dose is typically 480 mg per day. For children or the elderly, dose adjustments may be necessary. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions for dosing.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Verapamil with other prescription drugs?
Verapamil can interact with drugs like beta-blockers, digoxin, and certain statins, increasing the risk of severe side effects. These interactions can lead to low blood pressure, slow heart rate, or increased drug levels. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Can I take Verapamil with vitamins or supplements?
Confirmed interactions with Verapamil include St. John's Wort, which can reduce its effectiveness. There is no specific need for supplementation due to nutrient depletion by Verapamil. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Can Verapamil be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Verapamil is excreted into breast milk, but the amount is generally low. There are no well-documented adverse effects on breastfed infants, and it doesn't seem to affect milk supply. However, due to limited data, it's best to consult your healthcare provider before using Verapamil while breastfeeding to ensure it's safe for you and your baby.
Can Verapamil be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of Verapamil during pregnancy is not well-established. Some studies suggest potential risks, especially in the first trimester, but data is limited. It's not strictly contraindicated, but caution is advised. Always consult your healthcare provider before taking Verapamil during pregnancy to weigh the benefits and risks.
Does Verapamil have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are harmful or unintended reactions to a medication. Verapamil can cause adverse effects such as low blood pressure, slow heart rate, heart failure, liver dysfunction, and severe allergic reactions. These effects are rare but require immediate medical attention. Always report new symptoms to your healthcare provider and consult them before stopping any medication.
Does Verapamil have any safety warnings?
Verapamil has safety warnings related to its effects on heart rate and blood pressure. It can cause low blood pressure and slow heart rate, which may lead to dizziness or fainting. Monitor for symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, or shortness of breath, and consult your healthcare provider if they occur.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Verapamil?
Occasional or moderate alcohol consumption is generally not advisable while taking Verapamil. Alcohol can enhance the blood pressure-lowering effects of Verapamil, leading to dizziness or fainting. It may also interfere with the medication's mechanism of action. If you choose to drink, limit your intake and monitor for symptoms like dizziness or lightheadedness. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Verapamil?
Most people tolerate Verapamil well, and it should not limit your ability to exercise. However, Verapamil can cause dizziness or fatigue in some individuals. If you experience these symptoms, avoid strenuous activities and consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.
Is it safe to stop Verapamil?
Verapamil is often used for managing chronic conditions like hypertension. Stopping it abruptly can lead to a rebound effect, causing blood pressure to rise suddenly. This can be dangerous, especially for those with heart conditions. Always consult your doctor before stopping Verapamil to avoid potential complications.
Is Verapamil addictive?
Verapamil has no known potential for dependence or addiction. It is not considered habit-forming. Always use this medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Is Verapamil safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of Verapamil, particularly its impact on heart rate and blood pressure. Dose adjustments may be necessary, and close monitoring is recommended. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.
What are the most common side effects of Verapamil?
A side effect is an unwanted or unexpected symptom caused by a medication. Common side effects of Verapamil include constipation, dizziness, nausea, headache, and fatigue. The frequency of these side effects can vary, but they are generally not severe. It's important to note that when starting a new medication, people may experience new symptoms that could be unrelated to the medicine, temporary, or due to another condition. Always consult a healthcare provider before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Verapamil?
Verapamil should not be used in individuals with severe heart conditions like heart block or sick sinus syndrome without a pacemaker. It is also contraindicated in those with low blood pressure or certain types of heart failure. Always inform your healthcare provider about your medical history before starting Verapamil.
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