Tranylcypromine
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Tranylcypromine
Summary
Tranylcypromine is used to treat major depressive disorder, particularly in adults who haven't responded to other antidepressants.
Tranylcypromine works by inhibiting an enzyme called monoamine oxidase, which breaks down neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. This increases the levels of these neurotransmitters, helping to improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression.
Tranylcypromine is usually taken twice a day, with the usual daily dose for adults being 30 mg. If there's no adequate response, the dose may be increased gradually up to a maximum of 60 mg per day.
Common side effects include dry mouth, dizziness, insomnia, and headache. Serious adverse effects include hypertensive crisis, serotonin syndrome, and suicidal thoughts.
Tranylcypromine can cause suicidal thoughts, especially in young adults, and hypertensive crisis when consuming tyramine-rich foods. It's contraindicated with certain medications like other MAOIs and SSRIs, and in patients with severe cardiovascular disease or pheochromocytoma.
Indications and Purpose
How does Tranylcypromine work?
Tranylcypromine works by inhibiting the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which increases the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. This helps improve mood and balance mental health.
Is Tranylcypromine effective?
Tranylcypromine is effective in treating major depressive disorder in adults who have not responded to other antidepressants. It works by increasing the levels of certain natural substances in the brain that help maintain mental balance.
What is Tranylcypromine?
Tranylcypromine is used to treat major depressive disorder in adults who haven't responded to other treatments. It works by increasing the levels of certain natural substances in the brain that help maintain mental balance. As a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), it requires dietary restrictions to avoid serious side effects.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Tranylcypromine?
Tranylcypromine is typically used until the symptoms of depression improve, which may take 3 weeks or longer. Once symptoms improve, the doctor may gradually decrease the dose. The duration of use varies based on individual response and medical advice.
How do I take Tranylcypromine?
Tranylcypromine should be taken as directed by a doctor, usually twice a day. It can be taken with or without food. Avoid foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheeses and cured meats, to prevent hypertensive crisis.
How long does it take for Tranylcypromine to start working?
Tranylcypromine may take 3 weeks or longer to show its full benefits. It's important to continue taking the medication as prescribed, even if you feel well, and consult your doctor if you have concerns about its effectiveness.
How should I store Tranylcypromine?
Store Tranylcypromine in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and dispose of it properly through a take-back program if no longer needed.
What is the usual dose of Tranylcypromine?
For adults, the usual starting dose of Tranylcypromine is 30 mg per day, divided into two doses. If the response is inadequate, the dose may be increased by 10 mg per day every 1 to 3 weeks, up to a maximum of 60 mg per day. Tranylcypromine is not recommended for children under 18 years of age.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Tranylcypromine with other prescription drugs?
Tranylcypromine interacts with several drugs, including other antidepressants, amphetamines, and certain pain medications, which can lead to severe reactions like hypertensive crisis or serotonin syndrome. Always consult a doctor before starting or stopping any medication.
Can Tranylcypromine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Tranylcypromine is present in human milk and may cause serious adverse reactions in a breastfed infant. Nursing women are advised to discontinue breastfeeding while taking Tranylcypromine.
Can Tranylcypromine be taken safely while pregnant?
There is limited data on the use of Tranylcypromine during pregnancy, and it should only be used if deemed essential by a doctor. The potential risks to the fetus should be weighed against the benefits of treatment.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Tranylcypromine?
Drinking alcohol while taking Tranylcypromine is not recommended. Alcohol can increase the drowsiness caused by Tranylcypromine and may also interact with the medication, potentially leading to dangerous side effects. It's best to avoid alcohol to ensure the safe and effective use of Tranylcypromine.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Tranylcypromine?
Tranylcypromine may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting, especially when getting up quickly. These effects can limit the ability to exercise safely. It's important to rise slowly from sitting or lying positions and consult a doctor if you experience these symptoms during exercise.
Is Tranylcypromine safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients should use Tranylcypromine with caution due to an increased risk of postural hypotension and other serious side effects. It's recommended to start at the lowest dose and increase gradually, with regular monitoring of blood pressure and overall health.
Who should avoid taking Tranylcypromine?
Key warnings for Tranylcypromine include the risk of suicidal thoughts, especially in young adults, and hypertensive crisis from consuming tyramine-rich foods. It's contraindicated with certain medications and in patients with pheochromocytoma or severe cardiovascular conditions.
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