Tolcapone
Parkinson Disease
.svg)
Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Tolcapone
Summary
Tolcapone is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It's specifically used in patients who are experiencing fluctuations in their response to levodopa-carbidopa therapy.
Tolcapone works by inhibiting an enzyme called COMT which breaks down levodopa. This increases the availability of levodopa in the brain, improving control of Parkinson's symptoms.
The usual daily dose for adults is 100 mg taken three times a day. It's not typically recommended for children as the dosage for pediatric use is not established.
Common side effects include dyskinesia, nausea, diarrhea, and sleep disturbances. Serious adverse effects include liver damage, hallucinations, and confusion.
Tolcapone can cause severe liver damage, so regular liver function tests are necessary. It's not recommended for patients with liver disease or those who have experienced liver injury from the drug. It may also cause drowsiness, hallucinations, and diarrhea.
Indications and Purpose
How does Tolcapone work?
Tolcapone inhibits the enzyme COMT, which breaks down levodopa. This increases levodopa's availability in the brain, leading to more consistent dopaminergic stimulation and improved control of Parkinson's symptoms.
Is Tolcapone effective?
Tolcapone has been shown to be effective in clinical trials as an adjunct to levodopa/carbidopa in treating Parkinson's disease. It helps manage symptoms by maintaining more consistent levels of levodopa in the brain, improving motor function.
What is Tolcapone?
Tolcapone is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease in combination with levodopa/carbidopa. It works by inhibiting the enzyme COMT, which breaks down levodopa, thereby increasing its availability and effectiveness in the brain.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Tolcapone?
Tolcapone is used as long as it provides a clinical benefit and does not cause significant side effects. If no substantial benefit is observed within 3 weeks, it should be discontinued. Always follow your doctor's guidance on duration of use.
How do I take Tolcapone?
Tolcapone can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce nausea. There are no specific food restrictions, but avoid alcohol to prevent increased drowsiness.
How long does it take for Tolcapone to start working?
Tolcapone starts working after the first dose, with effects maintained during long-term treatment. However, if no substantial benefit is observed within 3 weeks, it should be discontinued.
How should I store Tolcapone?
Store Tolcapone in a tightly closed container at room temperature, away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion.
What is the usual dose of Tolcapone?
The usual daily dose for adults is 100 mg taken three times a day. Tolcapone is not typically recommended for children, and dosage for pediatric use is not established. Always follow your doctor's advice for dosing.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Tolcapone with other prescription drugs?
Tolcapone should not be used with non-selective MAO inhibitors due to the risk of excessive catecholamine levels. It can be used with selective MAO-B inhibitors like selegiline. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking.
Can Tolcapone be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Tolcapone is excreted in animal milk, and it is unknown if it is excreted in human milk. Caution is advised when administering to breastfeeding women. Consult your doctor to weigh the benefits and risks.
Can Tolcapone be taken safely while pregnant?
Tolcapone should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the risk to the fetus. There is no strong evidence from human studies, but animal studies suggest potential risks. Consult your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Tolcapone?
Drinking alcohol can increase the drowsiness caused by Tolcapone. It is advised to avoid alcohol while taking this medication to prevent increased side effects like drowsiness or dizziness.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Tolcapone?
Tolcapone may cause dizziness or drowsiness, which could affect your ability to exercise safely. If you experience these symptoms, consult your doctor before engaging in physical activities.
Is Tolcapone safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may be more susceptible to side effects like hallucinations. It's important to monitor them closely for any adverse reactions. Dosage adjustments may be necessary based on their response to the medication.
Who should avoid taking Tolcapone?
Tolcapone can cause severe liver damage, so regular liver function tests are necessary. It's contraindicated in patients with liver disease or those who have experienced liver injury from the drug. It may also cause drowsiness, hallucinations, and diarrhea.
