Pentazocine
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Partial Opioid Agonist/Antagonist
Controlled Drug Substance
YES
Pentazocine
Summary
Pentazocine is used to relieve moderate to severe pain. It can be used in various situations where pain management is necessary, such as after surgery, injury-related pain, or chronic pain conditions.
Pentazocine works by interrupting pain signals in the spinal cord. It has both agonist and antagonist actions at opioid receptors, similar to morphine, but with a lower risk of sedation.
For adults, the usual initial dose is 50 mg every four hours after meals, followed by 25 mg to 100 mg every three to four hours. For children aged 6-12 years, the recommended dose is one 25 mg tablet every three to four hours as needed. Pentazocine is taken orally.
Common side effects of Pentazocine include sedation, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and sweating. Serious adverse effects can include respiratory depression, hallucinations, and circulatory depression.
Pentazocine should not be used with monoamine oxidase inhibitors or within 14 days of their use. It should not be used in patients with respiratory depression, acute alcoholism, or head injuries. Caution is advised in patients with renal or hepatic impairment and those prone to seizures.
Indications and Purpose
How does Pentazocine work?
Pentazocine acts as an opioid analgesic, interrupting pain signals in the spinal cord. It has agonist actions at κ-receptors, providing analgesic effects, and weak antagonist actions at μ opioid receptors. This dual action helps relieve pain while minimizing the risk of sedation compared to stronger opioids.
Is Pentazocine effective?
Pentazocine is an opioid analgesic with actions similar to morphine. It works by interrupting pain signals in the spinal cord, providing relief from moderate to severe pain. Its effectiveness is supported by its pharmacological properties and clinical use in pain management.
What is Pentazocine?
Pentazocine is an opioid analgesic used to relieve moderate to severe pain. It works by interrupting pain signals in the spinal cord, providing effective pain relief. It has both agonist and antagonist actions at opioid receptors, similar to morphine, but with a lower risk of sedation.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Pentazocine?
Pentazocine is typically used for short-term relief of moderate to severe pain. The duration of use should be as short as possible to minimize the risk of addiction and other side effects. Always follow your doctor's guidance on how long to use this medication.
How do I take Pentazocine?
Pentazocine should be taken orally, and it is often recommended to take it after meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects like nausea. There are no specific food restrictions, but it's important to follow your doctor's instructions regarding dosage and timing.
How long does it take for Pentazocine to start working?
Pentazocine is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations reached in 1 to 3 hours after oral administration. This means it typically starts working within this timeframe to relieve pain.
How should I store Pentazocine?
Pentazocine should be stored below 25°C in a dry place. If in blister packs, keep them in the original package to protect from light and moisture. For bottles, ensure they are tightly closed to maintain the integrity of the medication.
What is the usual dose of Pentazocine?
For adults, the usual initial dose is 50 mg every four hours after meals, followed by 25 mg to 100 mg every three to four hours. For children aged 6-12 years, the recommended dose is one 25 mg tablet every three to four hours as needed. Pentazocine is not recommended for children under 6 years of age.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Pentazocine with other prescription drugs?
Pentazocine should not be used with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of their use. It can interact with sedative medicines, increasing the risk of sedation and respiratory depression. Tobacco smoking may reduce its effectiveness by enhancing its metabolic clearance.
Can Pentazocine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Pentazocine is not recommended for nursing women as it may be secreted in breast milk and cause respiratory depression in the infant. If you are breastfeeding, consult your doctor for alternative pain management options.
Can Pentazocine be taken safely while pregnant?
Regular use of Pentazocine during pregnancy may cause drug dependence in the fetus, leading to withdrawal symptoms in the newborn. If opioid use is necessary, inform the patient of the risks and ensure appropriate treatment is available for the newborn. Use during labor may depress neonatal respiration.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Pentazocine?
Drinking alcohol while taking Pentazocine can enhance its sedative effects, leading to increased sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and even death. Therefore, it is advised to avoid alcohol consumption while using this medication to ensure safety.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Pentazocine?
Pentazocine can cause dizziness, sedation, and light-headedness, which may limit your ability to exercise safely. If you experience these side effects, it is advisable to avoid strenuous activities and consult your doctor for guidance on safe exercise practices while taking this medication.
Is Pentazocine safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may require smaller doses of Pentazocine due to potential impaired renal or hepatic function. They may be more sensitive to the effects of opioids, increasing the risk of side effects. Close monitoring and dosage adjustments are recommended to ensure safe use in this population.
Who should avoid taking Pentazocine?
Pentazocine should not be used in patients with respiratory depression, acute alcoholism, or head injuries. It can cause sedation and respiratory depression, especially when combined with sedatives. Long-term use may lead to dependence. Caution is advised in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, and those prone to seizures.
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