Naltrexone
.svg)
Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Opioid Antagonist
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Naltrexone
Summary
Naltrexone is primarily used to treat alcohol and opioid dependence. It helps reduce cravings and block the effects of these substances, aiding in preventing relapse.
Naltrexone works by blocking the opioid receptors in the brain. This prevents the pleasurable effects of opioids or alcohol, reducing cravings and the desire to use these substances.
The usual dose of Naltrexone for alcohol dependence is 50 mg once a day. For opioid dependence, the typical dose is 50 mg daily or 100 mg every other day. It is taken orally, usually in the form of a tablet.
Common side effects of Naltrexone include nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Some people may also experience mood changes, sleep disturbances, and gastrointestinal issues.
Naltrexone should be avoided by individuals with acute liver problems, those allergic to the drug, or those currently using opioids. It may interact with certain medications, especially those affecting the liver. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Indications and Purpose
How does Naltrexone work?
Naltrexone works by blocking opioid receptors in the brain, which prevents the effects of opioids and reduces cravings. Think of it like a lock and key, where Naltrexone acts as a key that fits into the lock but doesn't open the door. This helps people with opioid or alcohol dependence avoid relapse.
Is Naltrexone effective?
Naltrexone is effective for treating opioid and alcohol dependence. It works by blocking the effects of opioids and reducing cravings for alcohol. Clinical studies show that Naltrexone helps prevent relapse and supports recovery in people with addiction. It's most effective when used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, including counseling and support.
What is Naltrexone?
Naltrexone is a medication used to treat opioid and alcohol dependence. It belongs to a class of drugs called opioid antagonists, which block the effects of opioids in the brain. This helps reduce cravings and prevent relapse. Naltrexone is used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, including counseling and support.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Naltrexone?
Naltrexone is usually taken long-term for managing opioid or alcohol dependence. The duration of use depends on your treatment goals and response. Your doctor will guide you on how long to continue taking Naltrexone. Always follow your doctor's advice and discuss any concerns about your treatment plan.
How do I dispose of Naltrexone?
Dispose of unused Naltrexone by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away.
How do I take Naltrexone?
Take Naltrexone as prescribed by your doctor. It's usually taken once daily, either in the morning or evening, with or without food. Do not crush or chew the tablet. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Avoid alcohol while taking Naltrexone, as it can interfere with the medication's effectiveness.
How long does it take for Naltrexone to start working?
Naltrexone begins working shortly after you take it, but the full therapeutic effect may take a few weeks. Individual factors like your health condition and response to treatment can affect how quickly you notice benefits. Consistent use as prescribed by your doctor is important for achieving the best results.
How should I store Naltrexone?
Store Naltrexone at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container and out of reach of children. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Naltrexone?
The usual starting dose of Naltrexone for adults is 50 mg once daily. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and needs. The maximum recommended dose is 100 mg per day. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your personal health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Naltrexone with other prescription drugs?
Naltrexone can interact with opioid-containing medications, reducing their effectiveness and causing withdrawal symptoms. It's important to inform your doctor about all medications you're taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. This helps prevent interactions and ensures your treatment is safe and effective.
Can Naltrexone be taken safely while breastfeeding?
The safety of Naltrexone while breastfeeding is not well-established. It's unclear if Naltrexone passes into breast milk or affects milk production. If you're breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about the safest treatment options for you and your baby. Your doctor can help you make an informed decision.
Can Naltrexone be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of Naltrexone during pregnancy is not well-established. Limited data suggest potential risks, so it's important to weigh the benefits and risks with your doctor. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss the safest treatment options for managing your condition with your healthcare provider.
Does Naltrexone have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Naltrexone include nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. These effects are usually mild and temporary. Serious adverse effects, like liver damage, are rare but require immediate medical attention. Always inform your doctor about any new or worsening symptoms while taking Naltrexone.
Does Naltrexone have any safety warnings?
Yes, Naltrexone has important safety warnings. It can cause liver damage, especially at high doses. Symptoms of liver damage include nausea, fatigue, and yellowing of the skin or eyes. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. Naltrexone should not be used by people with acute hepatitis or liver failure. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any new symptoms.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Naltrexone?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Naltrexone, as the medication is used to help reduce alcohol cravings and prevent relapse. Drinking alcohol can interfere with the effectiveness of Naltrexone. If you have questions about alcohol use while on this medication, talk with your doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Naltrexone?
Yes, it's safe to exercise while taking Naltrexone. However, some people may experience dizziness or fatigue as side effects. To exercise safely, start with light activities and gradually increase intensity. Stay hydrated and listen to your body. If you notice any unusual symptoms during exercise, slow down or stop and rest.
Is it safe to stop Naltrexone?
It's generally safe to stop Naltrexone, but always consult your doctor before doing so. Stopping suddenly may increase the risk of relapse in people using it for addiction treatment. Your doctor might suggest a gradual reduction in dose or switching to another medication to maintain your treatment goals. Always follow your doctor's guidance to ensure your health and safety.
Is Naltrexone addictive?
Naltrexone is not addictive or habit-forming. It doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Naltrexone works by blocking the effects of opioids in the brain, which helps reduce cravings and prevent relapse in people recovering from opioid addiction. If you have concerns about medication dependence, Naltrexone doesn't carry this risk.
Is Naltrexone safe for the elderly?
Naltrexone is generally safe for the elderly, but they may be more sensitive to its effects. Older adults are at higher risk for liver problems, so regular monitoring of liver function is important. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any new or worsening symptoms while taking Naltrexone.
What are the most common side effects of Naltrexone?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can happen when taking a medication. Common side effects of Naltrexone include nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. These effects vary from person to person and are usually mild. If you notice new symptoms after starting Naltrexone, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Naltrexone?
Naltrexone should not be used by people with acute hepatitis or liver failure, as it can cause liver damage. It's also contraindicated in individuals currently using opioids, as it can trigger withdrawal symptoms. Always inform your doctor about your medical history and any medications you're taking to ensure Naltrexone is safe for you.
Forms / Brands
