Mexiletine
Diabetic Neuropathies, Ventricular Fibrillation ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Antiarrhythmic
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Mexiletine
Summary
Mexiletine is used to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, including sustained ventricular tachycardia. It is not recommended for less severe arrhythmias.
Mexiletine works by blocking certain electrical signals in the heart, which helps to stabilize the heart rhythm and prevent abnormal heartbeats.
The usual dose for adults is 200 to 300 mg taken every 8 hours. If necessary, the dose can be increased to a maximum of 400 mg every 8 hours but should not exceed 1200 mg per day.
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, heartburn, dizziness, and tremor. Serious adverse effects include irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and extreme tiredness.
Mexiletine is contraindicated in patients with cardiogenic shock or preexisting second or third-degree AV block without a pacemaker. It should be used cautiously in patients with liver disease, heart failure, or low blood pressure.
Indications and Purpose
How does Mexiletine work?
Mexiletine works by blocking the inward sodium current in the heart, which reduces the rate of rise of the action potential. This action stabilizes the heart rhythm and helps prevent abnormal heartbeats, making it effective in treating ventricular arrhythmias.
Is Mexiletine effective?
Mexiletine has been shown to be effective in the suppression of ventricular arrhythmias in controlled comparative trials against placebo and other antiarrhythmic agents like quinidine, procainamide, and disopyramide. It significantly reduces ventricular premature beats and episodes of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia.
What is Mexiletine?
Mexiletine is used to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias by stabilizing heart rhythm. It belongs to a class of medications called antiarrhythmics and works by blocking certain electrical signals in the heart. This helps to prevent abnormal heart rhythms and maintain a regular heartbeat.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Mexiletine?
Mexiletine is typically used for long-term management of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. The duration of use depends on the individual's response to the medication and the underlying condition being treated. It is important to continue taking Mexiletine even if you feel well, and not to stop without consulting your doctor.
How do I take Mexiletine?
Mexiletine should be taken with food or an antacid to prevent stomach upset. It is important to take it at the same times every day as directed by your doctor. Discuss with your doctor about drinking caffeinated beverages while on this medication, as it may affect its effectiveness.
How long does it take for Mexiletine to start working?
Mexiletine typically starts working within 30 minutes to two hours after administration. The onset of therapeutic effect can vary based on individual response and the severity of the condition being treated.
How should I store Mexiletine?
Store Mexiletine in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom. Dispose of unneeded medication through a take-back program to prevent accidental ingestion by pets or children.
What is the usual dose of Mexiletine?
For adults, the usual dose of Mexiletine is 200 to 300 mg taken every 8 hours. If necessary, the dose can be increased to a maximum of 400 mg every 8 hours, but should not exceed 1200 mg per day. The safety and effectiveness of Mexiletine in children have not been established, so there is no recommended dose for pediatric patients.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Mexiletine with other prescription drugs?
Mexiletine interacts with several drugs, including cimetidine, which may alter its plasma levels. It can also increase the levels of theophylline and caffeine, leading to potential side effects. Caution is advised when used with other antiarrhythmics, as it may increase the risk of adverse cardiac reactions.
Can Mexiletine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Mexiletine is excreted in human milk in concentrations similar to those in plasma. If its use is deemed essential, consider an alternative method of infant feeding. Discuss with your doctor to determine the best course of action for you and your baby.
Can Mexiletine be taken safely while pregnant?
Mexiletine should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women, so caution is advised. Consult your doctor to weigh the risks and benefits before using Mexiletine during pregnancy.
Is Mexiletine safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients with normal renal function do not require a dosage adjustment for Mexiletine. However, caution is advised due to the potential for higher plasma exposure in those with hepatic impairment. Regular monitoring and careful dose adjustments are recommended to ensure safety.
Who should avoid taking Mexiletine?
Mexiletine is contraindicated in patients with cardiogenic shock or preexisting second- or third-degree AV block without a pacemaker. It should be used cautiously in patients with liver disease, heart failure, or low blood pressure. The medication may cause arrhythmias and should only be used for life-threatening conditions.
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