Leucovorin
Megaloblastic Anemia, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Folate Analog
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Leucovorin
Summary
Leucovorin is used to prevent the harmful effects of methotrexate, a chemotherapy drug, and to treat overdoses of methotrexate or similar medications. It is also used to treat certain types of anemia, but not those caused by vitamin B12 deficiency.
Leucovorin acts as a folic acid analog, protecting healthy cells from the effects of methotrexate by allowing them to maintain normal function. It does not require reduction by dihydrofolate reductase, enabling it to participate in folate-dependent reactions.
Leucovorin is typically prescribed in doses of 15 mg every 6 hours until methotrexate levels are safe. The exact dosage may vary depending on the condition being treated. It should be taken as prescribed by your doctor.
Some serious side effects of Leucovorin include diarrhea, rash, hives, itching, and difficulty breathing or swallowing. If you experience any of these, contact your doctor immediately.
Leucovorin should not be used to treat anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. It may interact with certain medications, including folic acid and antiepileptics, and can enhance the toxicity of fluorouracil. Always inform your doctor of all medications you are taking. Leucovorin is categorized as Pregnancy Category C, meaning it should only be used in pregnancy if clearly needed.
Indications and Purpose
How does Leucovorin work?
Leucovorin acts as a folic acid analog, protecting healthy cells from the effects of methotrexate by allowing them to maintain normal function. It does not require reduction by dihydrofolate reductase, enabling it to participate in folate-dependent reactions.
Is Leucovorin effective?
Leucovorin is proven effective in reducing the harmful effects of methotrexate, a chemotherapy drug, by protecting healthy cells. It is also used to treat overdoses of methotrexate and similar medications. Clinical studies support its use in these scenarios.
What is Leucovorin?
Leucovorin is used to prevent harmful effects of methotrexate, a chemotherapy drug, and to treat overdoses of methotrexate or similar medications. It works by protecting healthy cells from methotrexate while allowing it to target cancer cells. Leucovorin is a folic acid analog that helps maintain normal cell function.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Leucovorin?
Leucovorin is typically used until laboratory tests indicate it is no longer needed. The duration can vary depending on the condition being treated and the patient's response. Always follow your doctor's guidance on how long to take this medication.
How do I dispose of Leucovorin?
If you can, bring unused medicines to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of this medicine properly so they don't harm people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw most medicines in the trash at home. But first, take them out of their original containers, mix them with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag and throw it away.
How do I take Leucovorin?
Leucovorin should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor, usually every 6 hours. There are no specific food restrictions, so you can continue your normal diet unless advised otherwise by your doctor. Always follow the prescription label instructions.
How long does it take for Leucovorin to start working?
Leucovorin is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak serum folate concentrations occurring approximately 1.72 hours after ingestion. Its effects begin soon after absorption, but the exact time can vary based on individual factors.
How should I store Leucovorin?
Store Leucovorin in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and do not store it in the bathroom. Dispose of unneeded medication through a take-back program.
What is the usual dose of Leucovorin?
The usual dose of Leucovorin for adults and children varies based on the condition being treated. For methotrexate rescue, it is typically 15 mg every 6 hours until methotrexate levels are safe. For other uses, the dose may differ. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Leucovorin with other prescription drugs?
Leucovorin may interact with drugs like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, potentially increasing treatment failure and mortality in certain conditions. It can also affect the efficacy of methotrexate and enhance the toxicity of fluorouracil. Always inform your doctor of all medications you are taking.
Can Leucovorin be taken safely while breastfeeding?
It is not known whether Leucovorin is excreted in human milk. Caution is advised when administering it to nursing mothers. Consult your doctor for personalized advice if you are breastfeeding and need to take this medication.
Can Leucovorin be taken safely while pregnant?
Leucovorin is categorized as Pregnancy Category C, meaning there are no adequate studies in pregnant women. It should only be used if clearly needed and prescribed by a doctor. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.
Does Leucovorin have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted or harmful effects that can occur with medication use. Leucovorin may cause some adverse effects, though they are generally uncommon. Some possible adverse effects include allergic reactions, such as rash or itching, and gastrointestinal issues like nausea or diarrhea. Rare but serious adverse effects may include severe allergic reactions, which require immediate medical attention. It's important to report any new or worsening symptoms to your healthcare provider and to consult them before stopping the medication.
Does Leucovorin have any safety warnings?
Leucovorin comes with safety warnings, including the risk of allergic reactions, which can be severe. Symptoms to watch for include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If you experience these, seek medical attention immediately. Another warning is for those with anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, as Leucovorin can mask symptoms without treating the cause. Regular monitoring by your healthcare provider is important to ensure safe use of this medication.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Leucovorin?
Most people tolerate Leucovorin well, and occasional alcoholic drinks should not affect the way this medicine works. There are no well-established interactions between Leucovorin and alcohol that would interfere with its effectiveness or cause harm. However, it's always best to consume alcohol in moderation and follow your healthcare provider's advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Leucovorin?
Most people tolerate Leucovorin well, and it should not limit your ability to exercise. There are no known symptoms caused by this medicine that would affect exercise capacity, physical strength, or endurance. You can continue your usual exercise routine while taking Leucovorin, but always listen to your body and consult your healthcare provider if you experience any unusual symptoms.
Is it safe to stop Leucovorin?
Leucovorin is often used for short-term treatment, such as to counteract the effects of certain medications or conditions. Stopping Leucovorin without consulting a doctor can lead to a return of the condition it was treating or a decrease in its protective effects. There are no known withdrawal symptoms, but stopping it abruptly may reduce its effectiveness in managing your condition. It's crucial to consult with your healthcare provider before stopping Leucovorin to ensure it's safe and appropriate for your situation.
Is Leucovorin addictive?
Leucovorin has no known potential for dependence or addiction. It is not habit-forming, and there are no behaviors or warning signs associated with physical or psychological dependence on this medicine. You can use Leucovorin as prescribed by your healthcare provider without concern for addiction.
Is Leucovorin safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients should use Leucovorin with caution, especially if they have existing health conditions or are taking other medications. It's important to monitor for side effects and consult a doctor for personalized advice.
What are the most common side effects of Leucovorin?
A side effect is an unwanted reaction to a medicine. Common side effects of Leucovorin may include nausea, diarrhea, rash, or fatigue. These side effects are generally mild and not frequently reported. It's important to note that new symptoms can occur when starting any new medicine, and they may not be related to the medicine itself. Always talk to your healthcare provider before stopping any medication to ensure it's safe to do so.
Who should avoid taking Leucovorin?
Leucovorin should not be used to treat anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. It may enhance the toxicity of fluorouracil and should be used cautiously in patients with fluid buildup or kidney disease. Always consult a doctor before use.
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