Lenvatinib

How does Lenvatinib work?

Lenvatinib is a targeted therapy that works by inhibiting specific receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including VEGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, RET, and KIT. These proteins are involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels), and cancer cell survival. By blocking these pathways, Lenvatinib reduces blood supply to tumors and slows cancer progression.

How does one know if Lenvatinib is working?

The benefit of Lenvatinib is primarily evaluated through clinical endpoints such as progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and the duration of response (DoR). These outcomes are monitored in clinical trials to assess how well the drug slows disease progression, shrinks tumors, and improves survival in patients with various cancers. Regular imaging (CT, MRI) and biomarker testing are used to track these indicators.

Is Lenvatinib effective?

Evidence for Lenvatinib's effectiveness comes from clinical trials such as SELECT (thyroid cancer), REFLECT (liver cancer), and CLEAR (kidney and endometrial cancers). These studies showed that Lenvatinib significantly improves progression-free survival and overall response rates compared to standard treatments. Its combination with pembrolizumab also demonstrated enhanced outcomes in advanced kidney and endometrial cancers, supporting its role in targeted cancer therapy.

What is Lenvatinib?

Lenvatinib is commonly used to treat thyroid cancer, kidney cancer, and liver cancer. It works by inhibiting specific proteins called tyrosine kinases, which are involved in the growth of cancer cells and the development of blood vessels that feed tumors. By blocking these pathways, Lenvatinib slows tumor growth and helps limit the spread of cancer.

What is Lenvatinib used for?

Lenvatinib is used to treat certain cancers, including thyroid cancer resistant to radioactive iodine, advanced kidney cancer (with pembrolizumab), liver cancer unsuitable for surgery, and advanced endometrial cancer (with pembrolizumab). It works by blocking specific proteins that promote cancer growth and by disrupting the tumor's blood supply, helping to slow disease progression.

For how long do I take Lenvatinib?

The duration of Lenvatinib treatment depends on the condition being treated and individual patient response. It is typically continued until:

• The cancer progresses (becomes resistant to the treatment).
• The patient experiences unacceptable side effects.

For some cancers, like hepatocellular carcinoma or thyroid cancer, treatment can last several months to years. The exact duration should always be determined by the treating oncologist based on regular monitoring and evaluation.

How do I take Lenvatinib?

Lenvatinib can be taken with or without food, depending on personal preference or medical advice. Swallow the capsules whole with water; do not crush or chew them. Maintain a consistent schedule, taking it at the same time daily. Avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice during treatment, as it may interfere with how the medicine works. Always follow your doctor’s specific instructions.

How long does it take for Lenvatinib to start working?

The time it takes for Lenvatinib to start working can vary depending on the individual and the type of cancer being treated. Generally, patients may notice clinical improvements, such as reduced tumor growth, within a few weeks to a couple of months of starting treatment. Regular monitoring through imaging and medical assessments helps evaluate its effectiveness over time.

How should I store Lenvatinib?

Lenvatinib should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, typically between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). It should be kept in its original packaging, tightly closed to protect it from moisture. Ensure that it is out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom, where humidity is high.

Can I take Lenvatinib with other prescription drugs?

Lenvatinib can interact with medications that affect liver enzymes, such as CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, ritonavir) or inducers (e.g., rifampin), altering its effectiveness. It may also interact with other cancer treatments, anticoagulants (like warfarin), and antihypertensive drugs, increasing the risk of bleeding or affecting blood pressure. Always inform your doctor of all medications being taken.

Can I take Lenvatinib with vitamins or supplements?

Lenvatinib may interact with certain vitamins or supplements, particularly those that affect liver enzymes, such as St. John's Wort, which may reduce the effectiveness of the medication. Antioxidant supplements like vitamin C and E might also affect the drug's action by influencing oxidative stress. Always consult a healthcare provider before taking any supplements during treatment.

Can Lenvatinib be taken safely while breastfeeding?

Lenvatinib is not recommended during breastfeeding due to the potential risk to the infant. It is unknown whether Lenvatinib passes into breast milk, but given its potential for serious adverse effects, it is advised to avoid breastfeeding during treatment. Women should consult their healthcare provider to discuss alternatives or the timing of breastfeeding.

Can Lenvatinib be taken safely while pregnant?

Lenvatinib is not recommended during pregnancy due to the potential for fetal harm. Animal studies have shown adverse effects on fetal development, including malformations and fetal death. It is classified as a Category D drug, meaning there is evidence of risk to the fetus. Women should avoid pregnancy while using Lenvatinib and discuss contraception options with their doctor.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Lenvatinib?

Drinking alcohol while taking Lenvatinib is not recommended. Alcohol can interact with the medicine and may increase the risk of side effects, like liver problems, or make some side effects worse, such as dizziness or tiredness. It can also affect your immune system, which is important while undergoing cancer treatment.

Though an occasional or moderate drink might not seem to cause immediate harm, it’s better to avoid alcohol during your treatment to ensure that Lenvatinib works as effectively as possible and to reduce the risk of unexpected issues. Everyone reacts differently, so if you have questions about drinking while on this medication, talk to your doctor. They can provide personalized advice based on your treatment plan and health status. Your doctor’s guidance is key to managing both your medication and any lifestyle choices.

Is it safe to exercise while taking Lenvatinib?

Lenvatinib may affect your ability to exercise, both moderately or strenuously, because it can cause side effects like fatigue, weakness, or dizziness. These side effects may make physical activity more difficult, especially if you feel tired or lightheaded during your workout.

Moderate exercises, like walking or light stretching, may be manageable depending on how you’re feeling. However, more intense activities, such as running or heavy lifting, might be harder if you’re experiencing fatigue or weakness.

It’s important to listen to your body. If you feel like exercising is becoming too difficult or unsafe, talk to your doctor. They can suggest the best way to stay active while taking Lenvatinib. In some cases, they may recommend lighter exercises or adjustments to your treatment plan to help you stay comfortable and healthy during your treatment.

Is Lenvatinib safe for the elderly?

Lenvima has been shown to be safe and effective for patients over 65, but those over 75 may experience reduced tolerance to the medication. It is important to inform your doctor about any surgeries you are planning and to maintain good oral hygiene while taking Lenvima.

Who should avoid taking Lenvatinib?

Most people tolerate Telmisartan well, and difficulty thinking or concentrating is not commonly reported. If you experience cognitive issues, ensure you get enough rest and consult your healthcare provider if symptoms persist.