Granisetron
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Serotonin-3 Receptor Antagonist
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Granisetron
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Click HereSummary
Granisetron is used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. It helps cancer patients better tolerate their treatments and prevents dehydration or weakness from frequent vomiting. It is also used in hospitals for patients recovering from anesthesia after surgery.
Granisetron works by blocking serotonin, a natural substance that can trigger vomiting in the brain and gut. This effectively prevents nausea and vomiting, improving patient comfort during cancer treatment or post-surgery recovery.
For adults, the usual oral dose is 1-2 mg once or twice daily before chemotherapy. For intravenous use, 1 mg is given before chemotherapy. In children, dosing is based on weight, typically 40 mcg/kg IV. Always follow the doctor's recommendations.
Common side effects include headache, constipation, dizziness, and fatigue. Rare but serious risks include allergic reactions, irregular heartbeat, or severe constipation. If any severe reactions occur, such as chest pain or trouble breathing, seek medical help immediately.
People who are allergic to Granisetron or similar drugs should not take it. It should be used with caution in patients with heart conditions, severe constipation, or liver problems. Pregnant women should consult a doctor before using it as safety data is limited.
Indications and Purpose
How does Granisetron work?
Granisetron works by blocking serotonin (5-HT3 receptors) in the brain and gut. Serotonin is released during chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, triggering nausea and vomiting. By stopping serotonin from acting on these receptors, granisetron effectively prevents nausea before it starts.
How does one know if Granisetron is working?
Patients will notice a reduction in nausea and vomiting after taking granisetron. If it works effectively, they should feel more comfortable, able to eat and drink, and experience fewer episodes of vomiting. If nausea persists despite taking the medication, a doctor may adjust the dosage or try a different treatment.
Is Granisetron effective?
Yes, granisetron is highly effective in preventing nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy and post-surgical patients. Studies show that it works in over 70-80% of patients, often better than older anti-nausea drugs. It is considered a first-choice medication for nausea relief in many cancer treatment protocols.
What is Granisetron?
Granisetron is an anti-nausea medication used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery. It works by blocking serotonin (a natural substance that can trigger vomiting) in the brain and gut. This helps reduce nausea and improves patient comfort during cancer treatment or post-surgery recovery.
What is Granisetron used for?
Granisetron is used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. It helps cancer patients tolerate their treatments better and prevents dehydration or weakness from frequent vomiting. It is also used in hospitals for patients recovering from anesthesia after surgery.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Granisetron?
Granisetron is usually taken only on the day of chemotherapy or radiation therapy to prevent nausea. In some cases, it may be used for several days after treatment if nausea persists. For post-surgical nausea, it is typically given as a single dose. Long-term use is rare and should be discussed with a doctor.
How do I take Granisetron?
Granisetron is taken with or without food, usually an hour before chemotherapy or as directed by the doctor. If using an oral tablet, swallow it whole with water. If using an injection, a healthcare provider will administer it. Patients should avoid alcohol and excessive caffeine, as they may worsen side effects like dizziness or stomach upset.
How long does it take for Granisetron to start working?
Granisetron starts working within 30 minutes to 1 hour after taking a tablet or receiving an injection. Its effects last up to 24 hours, making it effective for preventing nausea throughout the day. Some patients may notice relief sooner, depending on their body's response and the severity of their symptoms.
How should I store Granisetron?
Granisetron should be stored at room temperature (20-25°C), away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. Keep tablets in their original packaging and do not refrigerate the liquid or injection form unless instructed. Keep it out of reach of children and discard expired or unused medication properly.
What is the usual dose of Granisetron?
For adults, the usual oral dose is 1-2 mg once or twice daily before chemotherapy. For intravenous use, 1 mg is given before chemotherapy. In children, dosing is based on weight, typically 40 mcg/kg IV. Doses may be adjusted depending on treatment type and patient response. Always follow the doctor’s recommendations.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Granisetron be taken safely while breastfeeding?
There is limited data on granisetron use while breastfeeding. Since it is excreted in very small amounts in breast milk, it may be safe for short-term use. However, mothers should consult a doctor before using it, and monitor the baby for any signs of drowsiness, feeding issues, or irritability.
Can Granisetron be taken safely while pregnant?
Granisetron is classified as Category B (animal studies show no harm, but human data is limited). It is generally considered safe during pregnancy if prescribed by a doctor, especially when nausea and vomiting are severe. However, it should only be used when clearly needed, and alternatives may be considered first.
Can I take Granisetron with other prescription drugs?
Granisetron can interact with medications that affect serotonin levels, such as antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs), tramadol, and certain migraine drugs (triptans). Combining these may lead to serotonin syndrome, a rare but serious condition. It should also be used cautiously with heart medications due to the risk of irregular heartbeats.
Can I take Granisetron with vitamins or supplements?
Granisetron has no major interactions with most vitamins and supplements. However, patients should inform their doctor about taking magnesium, potassium, or herbal supplements like St. John’s Wort, as they might affect how the medicine works or increase side effects like dizziness.
Is Granisetron safe for the elderly?
Yes, granisetron is generally safe for elderly patients, but they may be more sensitive to side effects like constipation, dizziness, or heart rhythm changes. Doctors may prescribe lower doses to reduce risks. Regular monitoring is recommended to ensure the medicine remains effective and well-tolerated.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Granisetron?
Drinking alcohol while taking granisetron is not recommended, as it may increase dizziness, drowsiness, and stomach irritation. Occasional small amounts may be safe, but moderate to heavy drinking should be avoided. If you experience strong side effects after drinking alcohol, consult your doctor.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Granisetron?
Yes, moderate exercise is generally safe while taking granisetron. However, if you experience dizziness or fatigue, avoid strenuous workouts until you feel better. Staying hydrated and choosing low-impact activities like walking or stretching can help maintain fitness without worsening side effects.
Who should avoid taking Granisetron?
People who are allergic to granisetron or similar drugs (ondansetron, palonosetron) should not take it. It should be used with caution in patients with heart conditions, severe constipation, or liver problems. Pregnant women should consult a doctor before using it, as safety data is limited.
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