Ethambutol
Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Infections, Tuberculosis
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Antimycobacterial
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Ethambutol
Learn more about this medicine -
Click HereSummary
Ethambutol is used to treat and prevent tuberculosis, a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs.
Ethambutol works by preventing the growth of TB bacteria. It targets and eliminates these bacteria, thus preventing their spread to other parts of the body or to other people.
Ethambutol is typically administered orally once daily. The recommended adult dosage is 15 mg/kg daily for those without prior tuberculosis treatment and 25 mg/kg daily for those with prior treatment. After 60 days at 25 mg/kg, the dose is reduced to 15 mg/kg.
Common side effects of Ethambutol include vision changes, nausea, or joint pain. Rare but serious effects include optic neuritis (vision damage).
Avoid Ethambutol if you're allergic to it, have severe kidney disease, or pre-existing vision problems. Also, it's not recommended for children under 13. Always inform your doctor about your medical conditions.
Indications and Purpose
What is Ethambutol used for?
Ethambutol is indicated for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. It should be used in combination with other antituberculous drugs to prevent the development of resistant strains and ensure effective treatment.
How does Ethambutol work?
Ethambutol works by diffusing into actively growing bacterial cells and inhibiting the synthesis of metabolites, which impairs cell metabolism, arrests multiplication, and leads to cell death. It is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Is Ethambutol effective?
Ethambutol is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is used in combination with other drugs to treat tuberculosis. It inhibits the synthesis of metabolites in bacteria, impairing cell metabolism and causing cell death. Its effectiveness is supported by clinical use and studies.
How does one know if Ethambutol is working?
The benefit of Ethambutol is evaluated through regular medical appointments and laboratory tests. Doctors monitor blood, kidney, and liver function, as well as conduct eye exams every 3-6 months to check for visual changes.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Ethambutol?
For adults, the usual daily dose of Ethambutol is 15-25 mg/kg of body weight, taken as a single dose. For children, the dosage is similar, but Ethambutol is not recommended for those under 13 years of age due to insufficient safety data. Always follow your doctor's specific dosage instructions.
How do I take Ethambutol?
Ethambutol should be taken once daily, preferably in the morning. It can be taken with food to minimize stomach upset. Avoid taking it with antacids containing aluminum hydroxide within 4 hours of administration to ensure proper absorption.
For how long do I take Ethambutol?
Ethambutol is typically used until bacteriological conversion has become permanent and maximal clinical improvement has occurred. The exact duration can vary based on individual response and the specific treatment regimen prescribed by a doctor.
How long does it take for Ethambutol to start working?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.
How should I store Ethambutol?
Store Ethambutol in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom. Dispose of unneeded medication through a take-back program.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Ethambutol?
Ethambutol is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug and those with optic neuritis unless deemed necessary by a doctor. It may cause visual changes, including irreversible blindness, and liver toxicity. Regular eye exams and liver function tests are recommended.
Can I take Ethambutol with other prescription drugs?
Ethambutol's absorption may be reduced by antacids containing aluminum hydroxide. It's recommended to avoid taking these antacids within 4 hours of Ethambutol. Always inform your doctor of all medications you are taking to avoid interactions.
Can I take Ethambutol with vitamins or supplements?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.
Can Ethambutol be taken safely while pregnant?
Ethambutol should be used during pregnancy only if the benefits justify the potential risks to the fetus. There are reports of ophthalmic abnormalities in infants born to women on Ethambutol therapy, but no adequate human studies confirm fetal harm. Consult your doctor for advice.
Can Ethambutol be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Ethambutol is excreted into breast milk. It should be used during breastfeeding only if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the infant. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Is Ethambutol safe for the elderly?
There is limited data on Ethambutol use in the elderly, but no significant differences in safety or tolerability have been observed compared to younger adults. However, older adults may be more sensitive to the drug, so careful monitoring is advised.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Ethambutol?
Ethambutol does not specifically limit the ability to exercise. However, if you experience side effects like dizziness or visual changes, it may be wise to avoid strenuous activities until you consult your doctor.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Ethambutol?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.
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