Erlotinib
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Kinase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Erlotinib
Learn more about this medicine -
Click HereSummary
Erlotinib is used to treat advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in patients with specific EGFR mutations. It's also prescribed for pancreatic cancer, often in combination with another drug called gemcitabine.
Erlotinib works by blocking a protein called epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This protein helps cancer cells grow. By inhibiting EGFR, Erlotinib slows or stops the growth of cancer cells.
For non-small cell lung cancer, the usual dose is 150 mg once daily, taken on an empty stomach. For pancreatic cancer, the dose is 100 mg once daily, usually combined with gemcitabine. The dosage may change based on the individual's response and their kidney or liver function.
Common side effects of Erlotinib include rash, diarrhea, nausea, loss of appetite, and fatigue. Serious risks include lung inflammation, liver problems, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Some people may also experience severe skin reactions or eye irritation.
Erlotinib is not safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women as it can harm the baby. It interacts with certain medications and supplements, potentially reducing its effectiveness or increasing side effects. People allergic to Erlotinib, those with severe liver disease, lung fibrosis, or gastrointestinal ulcers should exercise caution. Smoking should be avoided as it reduces the effectiveness of Erlotinib.
Indications and Purpose
What is Erlotinib used for?
Erlotinib is mainly used for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients with specific EGFR mutations. It is also prescribed for pancreatic cancer, usually in combination with gemcitabine. It helps slow tumor growth, relieve symptoms, and improve survival rates in certain cancer patients.
How does Erlotinib work?
Erlotinib works by blocking the EGFR protein, which is responsible for cancer cell growth and division. By stopping EGFR signals, Erlotinib slows tumor growth, prevents cancer from spreading, and may shrink tumors. It is most effective in cancers with specific EGFR mutations, which doctors test before prescribing this medicine.
Is Erlotinib effective?
Yes, studies show Erlotinib is effective, especially in patients with EGFR mutations. It helps shrink tumors, slow disease progression, and improve survival in NSCLC and pancreatic cancer. However, effectiveness depends on individual response, genetic factors, and overall health. Doctors monitor progress through scans and tests to assess benefits.
How does one know if Erlotinib is working?
Doctors check imaging scans (CT, MRI), tumor size, symptom relief, and overall health to evaluate Erlotinib’s effectiveness. Blood tests and physical exams help track progress. If the cancer stabilizes, shrinks, or symptoms improve, the medicine is working. If tumors grow or side effects are severe, treatment adjustments may be needed.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Erlotinib?
For NSCLC, the usual dose is 150 mg once daily on an empty stomach. For pancreatic cancer, the dose is 100 mg once daily, usually combined with gemcitabine. Dosage may change based on individual response, kidney or liver function, and side effects. A doctor determines the safest and most effective dose for each patient.
How do I take Erlotinib?
Erlotinib should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Swallow the tablet whole with water, without crushing or chewing it. Avoid grapefruit and smoking, as they can affect how well the medicine works. Follow the doctor’s instructions carefully for the best results.
For how long do I take Erlotinib?
The duration of Erlotinib treatment depends on cancer type, response to treatment, and side effects. It is usually taken as long as it remains effective and well-tolerated. If cancer worsens or severe side effects develop, the doctor may stop or adjust the medication. Regular check-ups help monitor progress.
How long does it take for Erlotinib to start working?
Erlotinib may start working within a few weeks, but noticeable improvements in symptoms take several months. In lung cancer, breathing and energy levels may improve gradually. Regular scans, blood tests, and symptom monitoring help track effectiveness. Response time varies among patients, depending on cancer type and stage.
How should I store Erlotinib?
Store Erlotinib at room temperature (15-30°C) in a dry place, away from moisture and heat. Keep it in the original container and out of reach of children. Do not use expired medicine. Dispose of unused tablets properly, following pharmacy or healthcare guidelines.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Erlotinib?
People allergic to Erlotinib should not take it. Patients with severe liver disease, lung fibrosis, or gastrointestinal ulcers need extra caution. Smoking reduces effectiveness, so it should be avoided. Pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers should not take this medicine due to possible risks to the baby.
Can I take Erlotinib with other prescription drugs?
Erlotinib interacts with antifungals, antibiotics (rifampin), proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole), blood thinners (warfarin), and seizure medications. These may reduce effectiveness or increase side effects. Inform your doctor about all prescription drugs you take to avoid harmful interactions and ensure the best treatment results.
Can I take Erlotinib with vitamins or supplements?
Some vitamins and supplements, like St. John’s Wort, vitamin E, or high-dose antioxidants, may reduce Erlotinib’s effectiveness. Avoid calcium or magnesium supplements without consulting a doctor, as they may interfere with absorption. Always discuss supplements with your healthcare provider before taking them with this medicine.
Can Erlotinib be taken safely while pregnant?
Erlotinib is not safe during pregnancy, as it can harm the unborn baby. Women should use effective contraception while taking this medicine. If pregnancy occurs, the doctor should be informed immediately. Animal studies suggest potential risks, so it is not recommended for pregnant women.
Can Erlotinib be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Erlotinib is not safe for breastfeeding mothers, as it may pass into breast milk and harm the baby. Women taking Erlotinib should avoid breastfeeding. If treatment is necessary, switching to formula feeding is recommended to protect the infant’s health.
Is Erlotinib safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients can take Erlotinib, but they are at higher risk for side effects like fatigue, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. Kidney and liver function should be monitored closely. Dose adjustments may be needed based on tolerance and response to treatment.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Erlotinib?
Yes, but intense exercise may worsen fatigue and weakness. Light activities like walking and yoga are usually safe. Listen to your body and rest when needed.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Erlotinib?
Alcohol can increase the risk of liver damage and worsen nausea or dehydration. It is best to avoid or limit alcohol while on Erlotinib. If you drink, consult your doctor.
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