Enalapril
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Enalapril
Summary
Enalapril is used to treat high blood pressure, which is when the force of blood against artery walls is too high, and heart failure, which is when the heart can't pump blood effectively. It also helps protect the kidneys in people with diabetes, which is a condition where blood sugar levels are too high.
Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, which means it blocks a chemical that tightens blood vessels. By blocking this chemical, Enalapril relaxes and widens blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and making it easier for the heart to pump blood.
The usual starting dose of Enalapril for adults is 5 mg once daily. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response, with a typical range of 10 to 40 mg per day, taken in one or two doses. It is taken orally, which means by mouth.
Common side effects of Enalapril include dizziness, which is a feeling of being unsteady, headache, which is pain in the head, and fatigue, which is feeling very tired. These effects occur in a small percentage of users.
Enalapril can cause a serious allergic reaction called angioedema, which involves swelling of the face or throat. It should not be used during pregnancy, especially in the later months, as it may harm the baby. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms.
Indications and Purpose
How does Enalapril work?
Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, which means it blocks a chemical in your body that tightens blood vessels. By blocking this chemical, Enalapril relaxes and widens blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and making it easier for the heart to pump blood. This process is similar to opening a valve to let water flow more easily through a pipe. Enalapril helps manage high blood pressure and heart failure effectively.
Is Enalapril effective?
Enalapril is effective for treating high blood pressure and heart failure, which is when your heart can't pump blood effectively. It works by relaxing blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure and reduces the heart's workload. Clinical studies show Enalapril improves heart function and reduces the risk of hospitalization for heart failure. It also helps protect the kidneys in people with diabetes. These results demonstrate Enalapril's effectiveness in managing these conditions.
What is Enalapril?
Enalapril is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. It belongs to a class of drugs called ACE inhibitors, which work by relaxing blood vessels to lower blood pressure. This helps the heart pump blood more effectively. Enalapril is also used to protect the kidneys in people with diabetes. It can be used alone or with other medications to manage these conditions.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Enalapril?
Enalapril is usually a long-term medication for managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and heart failure. You'll typically take Enalapril every day as a lifelong treatment unless your doctor suggests otherwise. Stopping this medication without medical advice could cause your conditions to worsen. How long you'll need this medication depends on your body's response and any side effects you experience. Always talk with your doctor before changing or stopping your Enalapril treatment.
How do I dispose of Enalapril?
To dispose of Enalapril, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away.
How do I take Enalapril?
Take Enalapril as prescribed by your doctor, usually once or twice daily. You can take it with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush it. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Do not double up on doses. Avoid alcohol, as it can increase the risk of side effects. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions regarding diet and fluid intake while on Enalapril.
How long does it take for Enalapril to start working?
Enalapril starts working within a few hours of taking it, but it may take several weeks to achieve its full effect. You might notice some improvement in blood pressure within a few days, but more significant changes typically take longer. How quickly it works can depend on your overall health and other medications you take. Take Enalapril exactly as prescribed for the best results.
How should I store Enalapril?
Store Enalapril at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container. Do not store it in the bathroom, where humidity can affect the medication. If your pills came in packaging that isn't child-resistant, transfer them to a container that children can't easily open. Always store Enalapril out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing. Check the expiration date regularly and dispose of any unused or expired medication properly.
What is the usual dose of Enalapril?
The usual starting dose of Enalapril for adults is 5 mg once daily. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and needs, with a typical range of 10 to 40 mg per day, taken in one or two doses. The maximum recommended dose is 40 mg daily. For children or the elderly, dose adjustments may be necessary. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Enalapril be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Enalapril is generally considered safe while breastfeeding, but it's important to consult your doctor. Small amounts of Enalapril may pass into breast milk, but it is unlikely to harm the baby. We don't have much information on its effects on milk supply. If you're taking Enalapril and want to breastfeed, discuss it with your doctor to ensure it's the best option for you and your baby.
Can Enalapril be taken safely while pregnant?
Enalapril is not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the later months. It can harm the developing baby, affecting kidney development and causing other issues. We don't have much information about Enalapril use in pregnant women, but the risks are significant. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about safer alternatives to manage your condition during pregnancy.
Can I take Enalapril with other prescription drugs?
Enalapril can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of side effects. Combining it with diuretics, which are water pills, can lead to low blood pressure. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen, can reduce Enalapril's effectiveness and harm the kidneys. Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics can increase potassium levels, leading to heart issues. Always inform your doctor about all medications you take to manage interactions safely.
Does Enalapril have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Enalapril include dizziness, headache, and fatigue. These occur in a small percentage of users. Serious side effects, like angioedema, which is swelling of the face or throat, are rare but require immediate medical attention. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor. They can help determine if these are related to Enalapril and adjust your treatment if necessary.
Does Enalapril have any safety warnings?
Yes, Enalapril has important safety warnings. It can cause a serious allergic reaction called angioedema, which involves swelling of the face, lips, or throat. If you experience these symptoms, seek emergency help. Enalapril can also lead to high potassium levels, which can affect heart rhythm. It may cause low blood pressure, especially when starting the medication. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms. Not adhering to these warnings can lead to serious health issues.
Is Enalapril addictive?
Enalapril is not addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Enalapril works by relaxing blood vessels to lower blood pressure, which does not affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, you can feel confident that Enalapril doesn't carry this risk.
Is Enalapril safe for the elderly?
Enalapril is generally safe for the elderly, but they may be more sensitive to its effects. Older adults are at higher risk for low blood pressure, which can cause dizziness or fainting. They may also be more prone to kidney function changes. Regular monitoring by a doctor is important to ensure safe use. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on individual health needs.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Enalapril?
It's best to limit alcohol while taking Enalapril. Alcohol can increase the risk of low blood pressure, which can cause dizziness or fainting. It may also worsen side effects like dizziness or lightheadedness. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation and be aware of how your body responds. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Enalapril for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Enalapril?
Yes, you can exercise while taking Enalapril. However, be aware that it can cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when you start the medication. These symptoms might affect your exercise capacity. To exercise safely, stay hydrated and avoid sudden position changes. If you feel dizzy or lightheaded, stop exercising and rest. Most people can maintain their regular exercise routine, but check with your doctor if you have concerns.
Is it safe to stop Enalapril?
Stopping Enalapril suddenly can cause your blood pressure to rise, which may increase the risk of heart problems. It's important to talk with your doctor before stopping Enalapril. They might suggest gradually reducing your dose or switching to a different medication to manage your condition safely. Your doctor will help you make any medication changes to protect your health.
What are the most common side effects of Enalapril?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Enalapril include dizziness, headache, and fatigue. These occur in a small percentage of users. If you experience these, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. It's important to talk with your doctor if you notice new symptoms. They can help determine if the side effects are related to Enalapril and provide guidance on managing them.
Who should avoid taking Enalapril?
Do not take Enalapril if you're allergic to it or its ingredients. Serious allergic reactions, which cause swelling of the face or throat, require immediate medical help. Enalapril is not for people with a history of angioedema, which is swelling under the skin. It should be avoided during pregnancy, especially in the later months, as it may harm the baby. Always consult your doctor about these concerns.
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