Dipyridamole
Vascular Graft Occlusion, Coronary Thrombosis
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Dipyridamole
Summary
Dipyridamole is used to reduce the risk of blood clots after heart valve replacement. It's also used with aspirin to prevent heart attacks, and as an adjunct to anticoagulants to prevent thromboembolic complications.
Dipyridamole works by inhibiting the uptake of adenosine into cells, which increases local adenosine concentrations. This stimulates a process that raises the levels of a substance called cAMP, inhibiting platelet aggregation and preventing blood clots.
For adults, the usual dose of Dipyridamole is 75 mg to 100 mg, taken by mouth four times daily. It's used alongside warfarin therapy.
Common side effects of Dipyridamole include dizziness, stomach pain, headache, rash, diarrhea, vomiting, and a flushing feeling. Serious side effects include unusual bleeding, yellowing of the skin or eyes, and chest pain.
Dipyridamole should not be used by individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug. It should be used with caution in patients with severe coronary artery disease, hypotension, or liver issues. It may also interact with other medications.
Indications and Purpose
How does Dipyridamole work?
Dipyridamole works by inhibiting the uptake of adenosine into platelets, endothelial cells, and erythrocytes, increasing local adenosine concentrations. This action stimulates platelet adenylate cyclase, raising cAMP levels and inhibiting platelet aggregation, which helps prevent blood clots.
Is Dipyridamole effective?
Clinical trials have shown that Dipyridamole, when used with warfarin, significantly reduces the incidence of thromboembolic events in patients with prosthetic heart valves. It has been found to decrease these events by 62% to 91% compared to warfarin alone.
What is Dipyridamole?
Dipyridamole is used to reduce the risk of blood clots after heart valve replacement and, in combination with aspirin, to prevent heart attacks. It works by inhibiting platelet aggregation, which prevents excessive blood clotting. This action helps maintain normal blood flow and reduces the risk of thromboembolic events.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Dipyridamole?
Dipyridamole is typically used long-term, especially in patients who have undergone heart valve replacement, to prevent thromboembolic complications. The duration of use should be determined by a healthcare provider based on individual patient needs and response to treatment.
How do I take Dipyridamole?
Dipyridamole should be taken by mouth, usually four times a day, as directed by your doctor. It can be taken with or without food. There are no specific food restrictions mentioned, but always follow your doctor's advice regarding diet and medication use.
How long does it take for Dipyridamole to start working?
Dipyridamole begins to work within about 75 minutes after oral administration, as this is the average time to reach peak concentration in the blood. However, the full therapeutic effect may take longer, depending on the condition being treated and individual patient response.
How should I store Dipyridamole?
Store Dipyridamole in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature, away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom, and ensure it is in a child-resistant container to prevent accidental ingestion.
What is the usual dose of Dipyridamole?
For adults, the usual dose of Dipyridamole is 75 mg to 100 mg taken four times daily. It is used as an adjunct to warfarin therapy. Dipyridamole is not recommended for children, as safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population below the age of 12 years have not been established.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Dipyridamole be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Dipyridamole is excreted in human milk, so caution is advised when administering it to nursing mothers. It should only be used during breastfeeding if considered essential by a physician. Discuss with your doctor to determine the best course of action for you and your baby.
Can Dipyridamole be taken safely while pregnant?
Dipyridamole should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, as there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Animal studies have not shown harm to the fetus, but human studies are lacking. Consult your doctor to weigh the risks and benefits.
Can I take Dipyridamole with other prescription drugs?
Dipyridamole can increase the effects of adenosine and regadenoson, which may require dosage adjustments. It may also counteract the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors, potentially worsening myasthenia gravis. Always inform your doctor of all medications you are taking to avoid interactions.
Is Dipyridamole safe for the elderly?
Older adults should use Dipyridamole with caution, as it may not be as safe or effective as other medications for the same condition. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with a doctor, who may recommend alternative treatments.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Dipyridamole?
Dipyridamole may cause dizziness, which could potentially affect your ability to exercise safely. If you experience dizziness or any other side effects that impact your ability to exercise, consult your doctor for advice on how to proceed safely.
Who should avoid taking Dipyridamole?
Dipyridamole should not be used by individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug. It should be used with caution in patients with severe coronary artery disease, hypotension, or liver issues. It may also interact with other medications, so it's important to inform your doctor of all drugs you are taking.
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