Cyclosporine
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis , Rheumatoid Arthritis ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
Possible
Pharmaceutical Class
Calcineurin Inhibitor Immunosuppressant
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Summary
Cyclosporine is used to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients, which is when the body attacks a new organ. It also treats autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, which is joint inflammation, and psoriasis, which is a skin condition causing red, scaly patches.
Cyclosporine works by suppressing the immune system, which is the body's defense against illness. It reduces the activity of T-cells, which are white blood cells involved in immune responses, to prevent organ rejection and reduce inflammation in autoimmune diseases.
Cyclosporine is usually taken orally, which means by mouth, in capsule form. It's typically taken twice daily, in the morning and evening. The dose varies based on the condition, with transplant patients often receiving 5 to 10 mg per kilogram of body weight per day.
Common side effects of cyclosporine include high blood pressure, which is increased pressure in blood vessels, and kidney problems, which affect organs that filter waste from the blood. These occur in a significant number of users and require monitoring.
Cyclosporine can increase the risk of infections and certain cancers due to immune suppression, which is reduced immune activity. It's contraindicated in uncontrolled high blood pressure and certain kidney problems. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor kidney function and cyclosporine levels.
Indications and Purpose
How does Cyclosporine work?
Cyclosporine works by suppressing the immune system, which is your body's defense against illness. It inhibits the activity of certain immune cells that attack transplanted organs or the body's own tissues in autoimmune diseases. Think of it like turning down the volume on an overactive immune response. By doing this, Cyclosporine helps prevent organ rejection and reduces symptoms in autoimmune conditions. This mechanism makes it effective for transplant patients and those with autoimmune diseases.
Is Cyclosporine effective?
Cyclosporine is effective for preventing organ rejection in transplant patients and treating autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. It works by suppressing the immune system, which is your body's defense against illness, to prevent it from attacking transplanted organs or your own tissues. Clinical studies show Cyclosporine significantly reduces the risk of organ rejection and improves symptoms in autoimmune conditions. Its effectiveness depends on taking it as prescribed and regular monitoring by your doctor to adjust the dose as needed.
What is Cyclosporine?
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant medication, which means it reduces the activity of your immune system. It's primarily used to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients by stopping the immune system from attacking the new organ. Cyclosporine is also used to treat autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, which are diseases where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues. It can be used alone or with other therapies to manage these conditions effectively.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Cyclosporine?
Cyclosporine is usually a long-term medication for managing chronic conditions like organ transplants or autoimmune diseases. The duration of use depends on your specific condition and how your body responds to treatment. For organ transplants, you'll typically take Cyclosporine as a lifelong treatment to prevent rejection. For autoimmune conditions, the duration may vary based on your symptoms and treatment goals. Always follow your doctor's instructions and discuss any concerns about your treatment plan.
How do I dispose of Cyclosporine?
To dispose of Cyclosporine, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, remove it from its original container, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag, and throw it away. Always keep medicines out of reach of children.
How do I take Cyclosporine?
Take Cyclosporine exactly as your doctor prescribes. It's usually taken twice daily, in the morning and evening. You should take it at the same times each day to maintain consistent levels in your body. Swallow the capsules whole with a glass of water. Don't crush or chew them. It's best to take Cyclosporine with food to help your body absorb it better. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Never take two doses at once.
How long does it take for Cyclosporine to start working?
Cyclosporine begins working in your body shortly after you take it, but the full therapeutic effects may take several weeks to become noticeable. For organ transplant patients, it starts preventing rejection soon after administration. For autoimmune conditions, symptom improvement might take a few weeks. How quickly Cyclosporine works can depend on your specific condition, dose, and overall health. Regular monitoring by your doctor will help assess its effectiveness and adjust your treatment as needed.
How should I store Cyclosporine?
Store Cyclosporine at room temperature, away from direct light and moisture. Keep it in its original container, tightly closed, to protect it from damage. Don't store it in humid places like bathrooms, where moisture in the air could affect how well the medication works. If your Cyclosporine comes in packaging that isn't child-resistant, transfer it to a container that children can't easily open. Always store Cyclosporine out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Cyclosporine?
The usual starting dose of Cyclosporine for adults is based on body weight and the condition being treated. For organ transplant patients, the dose is typically 5 to 10 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, divided into two doses. For other conditions, like rheumatoid arthritis, the dose is usually lower. Your doctor will adjust the dose based on your response and blood levels of the medication. It's important to follow your doctor's dosing instructions carefully. Special populations, like children or the elderly, may require different dosing.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Cyclosporine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Cyclosporine is not recommended while breastfeeding. It can pass into breast milk and may affect the nursing infant. The potential risks to the baby include immune system suppression, which is when the body's defense against illness is reduced. We don't have much information on how Cyclosporine affects milk production. If you're taking Cyclosporine and want to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about safer medication options that would allow you to nurse your baby safely.
Can Cyclosporine be taken safely while pregnant?
Cyclosporine should be used during pregnancy only if the benefits outweigh the risks. There's limited evidence on its safety in pregnant women. Animal studies show potential risks, but human data is limited. Uncontrolled autoimmune conditions or organ rejection during pregnancy can cause serious problems for both mother and baby. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest way to manage your condition. Your doctor can help create a treatment plan that protects both you and your baby.
Can I take Cyclosporine with other prescription drugs?
Cyclosporine has several important drug interactions. It can interact with medications like NSAIDs, which are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, increasing the risk of kidney damage. It also interacts with certain antibiotics and antifungals, which can increase Cyclosporine levels in your blood, leading to potential side effects. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to avoid interactions. Regular monitoring of Cyclosporine levels in your blood can help manage these risks and ensure safe and effective treatment.
Does Cyclosporine have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions that can occur with medication use. Cyclosporine can cause several adverse effects, including high blood pressure, kidney damage, and increased risk of infections. These effects vary in frequency and severity. High blood pressure is common, while kidney damage is less frequent but serious. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, such as swelling, fatigue, or changes in urination, contact your doctor immediately. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and kidney function is important to manage these risks effectively.
Does Cyclosporine have any safety warnings?
Yes, Cyclosporine has important safety warnings. It can increase the risk of infections because it suppresses the immune system, which is your body's defense against illness. It may also cause kidney damage, high blood pressure, and liver problems. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, kidney function, and liver function is necessary. Not following these safety warnings can lead to serious health issues. Always follow your doctor's instructions and report any unusual symptoms immediately. Your doctor will help manage these risks while you take Cyclosporine.
Is Cyclosporine addictive?
Cyclosporine is not addictive or habit-forming. It doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Cyclosporine works by suppressing the immune system, which is your body's defense against illness, to prevent organ rejection or treat autoimmune conditions. This mechanism doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, you can feel confident that Cyclosporine doesn't carry this risk.
Is Cyclosporine safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals are more vulnerable to the side effects of Cyclosporine, such as kidney damage and high blood pressure, which is when the force of your blood against your artery walls is too high. These risks are due to age-related changes in kidney function and blood pressure regulation. Cyclosporine can be used safely in the elderly with careful monitoring. Regular check-ups and blood tests help manage these risks. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms promptly.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Cyclosporine?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Cyclosporine. Alcohol can increase the risk of liver damage, which is a potential side effect of Cyclosporine. It can also worsen high blood pressure, which is when the force of your blood against your artery walls is too high, another side effect of the medication. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and monitor for any unusual symptoms. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Cyclosporine for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Cyclosporine?
Yes, you can exercise while taking Cyclosporine, but be mindful of your body's response. Cyclosporine can cause high blood pressure, which is when the force of your blood against your artery walls is too high, and kidney issues. These side effects might affect your exercise capacity. Stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activities if you feel dizzy or fatigued. Regular, moderate exercise is generally safe and beneficial. Always consult your doctor before starting a new exercise routine while on Cyclosporine.
Is it safe to stop Cyclosporine?
Stopping Cyclosporine suddenly can be risky, especially if you're taking it for an organ transplant or autoimmune condition. It can lead to organ rejection or a flare-up of your condition. Cyclosporine is usually used long-term for chronic conditions. If you need to stop taking it, your doctor will guide you on how to do so safely, often by gradually reducing the dose. Always talk with your doctor before stopping Cyclosporine to avoid complications and ensure your health is protected.
What are the most common side effects of Cyclosporine?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can happen when taking a medication. Common side effects of Cyclosporine include high blood pressure, which is when the force of your blood against your artery walls is too high, and increased hair growth. Some people may also experience tremors, which are involuntary shaking movements. These side effects vary from person to person. If you notice new symptoms after starting Cyclosporine, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Cyclosporine?
Cyclosporine has important contraindications. Don't use it if you're allergic to Cyclosporine or its ingredients. It's not suitable for people with uncontrolled high blood pressure, which is when the force of your blood against your artery walls is too high, or certain kidney problems. These conditions can worsen with Cyclosporine use. Caution is needed if you have liver disease or are pregnant. Always consult your doctor about your medical history before starting Cyclosporine to ensure it's safe for you.
