Citalopram
Depressive Disorder, Dementia ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Citalopram
Learn more about this medicine -
Click HereSummary
Citalopram is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder and panic disorder. It can also be used for other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder, as advised by a healthcare provider.
Citalopram works by increasing the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain. This helps improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. It belongs to a class of medications known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
For adults, the usual starting dose of Citalopram is 20 mg once daily. This can be increased to a maximum of 40 mg daily based on individual response and tolerance. For elderly patients, the maximum recommended dose is 20 mg daily. Citalopram is not typically recommended for children and adolescents under 18 years of age.
Common side effects of Citalopram include nausea, dry mouth, drowsiness, and insomnia. Serious adverse effects can include suicidal thoughts, QT prolongation, and serotonin syndrome.
Citalopram carries a risk of suicidal thoughts in young adults, QT prolongation, and serotonin syndrome. It should not be used with MAOIs, pimozide, or in patients with congenital long QT syndrome. Patients should be monitored for worsening depression, suicidal thoughts, and unusual behavior changes, especially during initial treatment and dosage changes.
Indications and Purpose
How does Citalopram work?
Citalopram works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, a neurotransmitter, in the brain. This increases the levels of serotonin available to improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. It is part of a class of medications known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
How does one know if Citalopram is working?
The benefit of Citalopram is evaluated through regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider. They will assess the improvement in symptoms, monitor for side effects, and adjust the dosage if necessary. Patients should report any changes in mood, behavior, or side effects to their healthcare provider for ongoing evaluation.
Is Citalopram effective?
Citalopram's effectiveness in treating major depressive disorder has been established through placebo-controlled studies. In these studies, patients receiving Citalopram showed significant improvement in depression symptoms compared to those receiving a placebo. Long-term studies also demonstrated that Citalopram helps maintain antidepressant effects and prevent relapse.
What is Citalopram?
Citalopram is commonly used to treat major depressive disorder and panic disorder. It belongs to a class of medications called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain to help maintain mental balance. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and consult a healthcare provider for any concerns.
What is Citalopram used for?
Citalopram is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder and panic disorder. It may also be used for other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder, as determined by a healthcare provider.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Citalopram?
Citalopram is typically used for several months or longer, depending on the condition being treated. For depression, treatment usually lasts at least 6 months to prevent relapse. The exact duration should be determined by a healthcare provider based on individual response and needs.
How do I take Citalopram?
Citalopram can be taken with or without food, usually once a day, either in the morning or evening. It is important to take it at the same time each day. There are no specific food restrictions, but it is advisable to avoid alcohol as it can increase side effects.
How long does it take for Citalopram to start working?
Citalopram may take 1 to 4 weeks before you notice the full benefit. Some symptoms may improve sooner, but it is important to continue taking the medication as prescribed and consult your healthcare provider if you have any concerns.
How should I store Citalopram?
Citalopram should be stored at room temperature, between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C), away from excess heat and moisture. Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom to avoid exposure to humidity.
What is the usual dose of Citalopram?
For adults, the usual starting dose of Citalopram is 20 mg once daily, which can be increased to a maximum of 40 mg daily based on individual response and tolerance. For elderly patients, the maximum recommended dose is 20 mg daily. Citalopram is not typically recommended for children and adolescents under 18 years of age due to the risk of increased suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Citalopram be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Citalopram is excreted in breast milk, and there have been reports of infants experiencing excessive somnolence and weight loss. Breastfeeding mothers should discuss the risks and benefits with their healthcare provider. If treatment is necessary, monitoring the infant for adverse effects is recommended.
Can Citalopram be taken safely while pregnant?
Citalopram should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the risks. There is evidence suggesting an increased risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn and other complications if used late in pregnancy. Pregnant women should discuss the risks and benefits with their healthcare provider.
Can I take Citalopram with other prescription drugs?
Significant drug interactions with Citalopram include MAOIs, pimozide, and other drugs that prolong the QT interval. Citalopram should not be used with serotonergic drugs like triptans, tramadol, or St. John's Wort due to the risk of serotonin syndrome. It may also interact with anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding.
Is Citalopram safe for the elderly?
For elderly patients, the maximum recommended dose of Citalopram is 20 mg daily due to increased sensitivity to side effects and potential for higher drug exposure. Elderly patients may be at greater risk for hyponatremia and should be monitored closely. It is important to start with a lower dose and adjust gradually under medical supervision.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Citalopram?
Drinking alcohol while taking Citalopram is not recommended. Alcohol can increase the side effects of Citalopram, such as drowsiness and dizziness, and may impair your ability to think clearly or react quickly. It is best to avoid alcohol to ensure the medication works effectively and safely.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Citalopram?
Citalopram does not specifically limit the ability to exercise. However, side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, or fatigue may affect your energy levels and physical performance. If you experience these side effects, it is advisable to exercise caution and consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.
Who should avoid taking Citalopram?
Important warnings for Citalopram include the risk of suicidal thoughts in young adults, QT prolongation, and serotonin syndrome. It is contraindicated with MAOIs, pimozide, and in patients with congenital long QT syndrome. Patients should be monitored for worsening depression, suicidal thoughts, and unusual behavior changes, especially during initial treatment and dosage changes.
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