Capecitabine
Breast Neoplasms, Colorectal Neoplasms
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Nucleoside Metabolic Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Capecitabine
Summary
Capecitabine is used to treat certain types of cancer, including breast and colorectal cancer. It helps slow or stop the growth of cancer cells, which are abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and can invade nearby tissues.
Capecitabine works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells. It belongs to a class of drugs called antimetabolites, which disrupt the DNA and RNA production in cancer cells, preventing them from multiplying.
The usual starting dose of Capecitabine for adults is 1,250 mg/m² taken twice daily for two weeks, followed by a one-week rest period. This cycle is repeated every three weeks. It is taken orally, which means by mouth, with water after a meal.
Common side effects of Capecitabine include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and hand-foot syndrome, which is redness and swelling of the hands and feet. These effects can vary in frequency and severity among patients.
Capecitabine should not be used if you're allergic to it or its ingredients. It's contraindicated in patients with severe kidney disease and those with a known deficiency of the enzyme DPD, which is crucial for breaking down the drug.
Indications and Purpose
How does Capecitabine work?
Capecitabine works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells. It belongs to a class of drugs called antimetabolites, which disrupt the DNA and RNA production in cancer cells, preventing them from multiplying. Think of it like a roadblock that stops cancer cells from continuing their journey. This action helps slow or stop the spread of cancer. Capecitabine is effective in treating certain types of cancer, such as breast and colorectal cancer, by reducing tumor size and improving survival rates.
Is Capecitabine effective?
Capecitabine is effective in treating certain types of cancer, such as breast and colorectal cancer. It works by interfering with cancer cell growth, slowing or stopping their spread. Clinical studies show Capecitabine improves survival rates and reduces tumor size in many patients. Its effectiveness can vary based on individual health conditions and cancer type. Your doctor will monitor your progress and adjust your treatment as needed to ensure the best outcomes.
What is Capecitabine?
Capecitabine is a chemotherapy medication used to treat certain types of cancer, such as breast and colorectal cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs called antimetabolites, which work by interfering with cancer cell growth and slowing or stopping their spread. Capecitabine is often used in combination with other cancer treatments to enhance its effectiveness. It helps reduce tumor size and improve survival rates in many patients. Your doctor will determine if Capecitabine is appropriate for your specific cancer type and treatment plan.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Capecitabine?
Capecitabine is usually taken for a specific duration as part of a cancer treatment plan. The length of treatment depends on your type of cancer and how your body responds. Your doctor will determine the appropriate duration for your condition. It's important to follow your doctor's instructions and not stop taking Capecitabine without medical advice. Stopping early could affect the effectiveness of your treatment. Regular check-ups with your doctor will help monitor your progress and adjust your treatment as needed.
How do I dispose of Capecitabine?
Dispose of Capecitabine by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will ensure it's disposed of properly to avoid harm to people or the environment. If a take-back program isn't available, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away. Always keep it out of reach of children and pets.
How do I take Capecitabine?
Take Capecitabine as prescribed by your doctor, usually twice daily, about 12 hours apart. It's important to take it within 30 minutes after a meal with water. Do not crush or chew the tablets. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses. Follow any dietary or beverage restrictions your doctor advises while on this medication.
How long does it take for Capecitabine to start working?
Capecitabine starts working in your body shortly after you take it, but the full therapeutic effects may take several weeks to become noticeable. The time it takes to see results can vary based on your type of cancer and individual health factors. Your doctor will monitor your progress through regular check-ups and tests to assess how well Capecitabine is working. It's important to take the medication exactly as prescribed and attend all follow-up appointments to ensure the best outcomes.
How should I store Capecitabine?
Store Capecitabine at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container to protect it from damage. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect its effectiveness. If your pills came in packaging that isn't child-resistant, transfer them to a container that children can't easily open. Always store Capecitabine out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Capecitabine?
The usual starting dose of Capecitabine for adults is 1,250 mg/m² taken twice daily for two weeks, followed by a one-week rest period. This cycle is repeated every three weeks. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on your response and any side effects. The maximum recommended dose should not exceed 2,500 mg/m² per day. Special populations, such as the elderly, may require dose adjustments. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Capecitabine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Capecitabine is not recommended while breastfeeding. It's unclear if the medication passes into human breast milk, but it could potentially harm a nursing infant. The effects on milk supply are also unknown. If you're taking Capecitabine and wish to breastfeed, discuss safer medication options with your doctor. They can help you find a treatment plan that allows you to nurse your baby safely while managing your health condition.
Can Capecitabine be taken safely while pregnant?
Capecitabine is not recommended during pregnancy. It can harm the unborn baby, as it may affect fetal development. There's limited information on its safety in pregnant women, but animal studies suggest potential risks. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about safer treatment options. Your doctor can help create a plan that protects both you and your baby while managing your health condition.
Can I take Capecitabine with other prescription drugs?
Capecitabine can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of adverse effects or reducing its effectiveness. For example, it can interact with blood thinners like warfarin, increasing bleeding risk. It may also interact with certain antiviral drugs, affecting how well they work. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Your doctor can help manage potential interactions and ensure your treatment is safe and effective.
Does Capecitabine have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Capecitabine can cause adverse effects like diarrhea, nausea, and hand-foot syndrome, which is redness and swelling of the hands and feet. These effects vary in frequency and severity. Serious side effects include heart problems and severe diarrhea, requiring immediate medical attention. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor. They can help manage these effects and adjust your treatment if necessary.
Does Capecitabine have any safety warnings?
Yes, Capecitabine has important safety warnings. It can cause severe side effects like diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, which may require medical attention. Not following safety warnings can lead to serious health issues, including dehydration and heart problems. It's crucial to adhere to your doctor's instructions and report any severe or unusual symptoms immediately. Your doctor will provide guidance on managing side effects and ensuring safe use of Capecitabine.
Is Capecitabine addictive?
Capecitabine is not addictive or habit-forming. It doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Capecitabine works by interfering with cancer cell growth, and this mechanism doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, you can feel confident that Capecitabine doesn't carry this risk while managing your health condition.
Is Capecitabine safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may be more vulnerable to the side effects of Capecitabine, such as diarrhea and hand-foot syndrome, which is redness and swelling of the hands and feet. They may also have other health conditions that require careful monitoring. Capecitabine can be used safely in the elderly with appropriate dose adjustments and close supervision by a healthcare provider. Regular check-ups are important to manage any side effects and ensure the treatment is effective.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Capecitabine?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Capecitabine. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like nausea and liver problems. It may also interfere with the medication's effectiveness. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and watch for any warning signs like increased nausea or liver discomfort. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while on Capecitabine to get personalized advice based on your health situation.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Capecitabine?
You can exercise while taking Capecitabine, but be mindful of your body's response. This medication can cause fatigue and weakness, which might affect your exercise capacity. Listen to your body and avoid strenuous activities if you feel tired. Stay hydrated and take breaks as needed. If you experience unusual fatigue or other symptoms during exercise, slow down or stop and rest. Consult your doctor if you have concerns about exercising while on Capecitabine.
Is it safe to stop Capecitabine?
It's not safe to stop Capecitabine without consulting your doctor. Stopping suddenly can affect your treatment's effectiveness and may worsen your condition. Capecitabine is usually used for a specific duration as part of a cancer treatment plan. Your doctor will guide you on how to safely stop or adjust your medication if needed. Always follow your doctor's advice to ensure your health and safety.
What are the most common side effects of Capecitabine?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Capecitabine include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and hand-foot syndrome, which is redness and swelling of the hands and feet. These effects vary in frequency and severity. If you experience new symptoms after starting Capecitabine, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication. They can help determine if the side effects are related to Capecitabine and suggest ways to manage them.
Who should avoid taking Capecitabine?
Capecitabine should not be used if you're allergic to it or its ingredients. It's contraindicated in patients with severe kidney disease, which affects organs that filter waste from your blood, and in those with a known deficiency of the enzyme DPD, which is crucial for breaking down the drug. Use caution if you have liver problems or are pregnant, as Capecitabine can harm the baby. Always consult your doctor about these concerns before starting treatment.
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