Azacitidine
Refractory Anemia, Sideroblastic Anemia ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Nucleoside Metabolic Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Azacitidine
Learn more about this medicine -
Click HereSummary
Azacitidine is used to treat certain types of bone marrow disorders and blood cancers, including myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and certain acute leukemias.
Azacitidine works by modifying DNA in cells, which slows down the growth of cancer cells and restores the production of normal blood cells.
The typical dose for adults is 75 mg per square meter of body surface area. It's given as a subcutaneous or intravenous injection daily for 7 days in a 28-day cycle.
Common side effects include nausea, fatigue, low blood counts, reactions at the injection site, and diarrhea. Serious risks include infections due to low immunity and kidney or liver dysfunction.
Azacitidine is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It may interact with certain medications and supplements, so share your complete medication list with your doctor. Avoid if you are allergic to it or have advanced liver disease.
Indications and Purpose
What is Azacitidine used for?
Azacitidine is used for treating myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), and certain acute leukemias. It helps improve blood counts, reduces the need for transfusions, and lowers the progression to severe leukemia.
How does Azacitidine work?
Azacitidine incorporates into DNA and RNA within cells, altering their function. This disrupts cancer cell growth while promoting the maturation of normal blood cells, helping to restore bone marrow function.
Is Azacitidine effective?
Yes, studies show that Azacitidine effectively improves survival, reduces transfusion needs, and slows disease progression in patients with certain blood and bone marrow cancers.
How does one know if Azacitidine is working?
Regular blood tests and bone marrow evaluations determine Azacitidine’s effectiveness. Improved blood counts, reduced symptoms, and stable or shrinking abnormal cell populations are indicators of success.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Azacitidine?
The usual dose for adults is 75 mg per square meter of body surface area, given as a subcutaneous or intravenous injection daily for 7 days, in a 28-day cycle. Dosing for children is uncommon and determined by the doctor.
How do I take Azacitidine?
Azacitidine is administered by a healthcare professional as an injection under the skin or into a vein. Follow your doctor’s instructions and attend regular treatment sessions as scheduled.
For how long do I take Azacitidine?
Azacitidine is a medication used to treat certain types of leukemia and a type of bone marrow disorder called myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). It belongs to a class of drugs called epigenetic modifiers, which affect the way genes are expressed. Azacitidine is typically taken once daily for the first 14 days of a 28-day cycle. The number of cycles depends on how well the patient responds to the medication and any side effects they experience.
How long does it take for Azacitidine to start working?
Azacitidine may take 2–6 months of regular treatment to show significant improvements in blood cell counts and overall response. Regular monitoring helps track the progress.
How should I store Azacitidine?
Azacitidine is stored and handled by healthcare providers. If required at home, keep it in the refrigerator (2–8°C) and protect it from light. Do not freeze or shake the medication.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Azacitidine?
Avoid Azacitidine if you are allergic to it or have advanced liver disease. Discuss your medical history with your doctor, including kidney problems or blood clotting disorders.
Can I take Azacitidine with other prescription drugs?
Azacitidine may interact with certain medications, such as anticoagulants or drugs that affect blood counts. Share your complete medication list with your doctor to avoid harmful interactions.
Can I take Azacitidine with vitamins or supplements?
While many vitamins and supplements are safe, some may interfere with treatment. Always inform your doctor about any supplements you are taking before starting Azacitidine therapy.
Can Azacitidine be taken safely while pregnant?
Azacitidine is not safe during pregnancy as it may harm the fetus. Women of childbearing age should use effective contraception during and after treatment as directed by their doctor.
Can Azacitidine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Breastfeeding is not recommended while on Azacitidine due to the potential for harm to the baby. Discuss safe feeding options with your healthcare provider.
Is Azacitidine safe for the elderly?
Azacitidine is commonly used in elderly patients, but they should be monitored closely for side effects like low blood counts and organ function changes. Adjustments may be needed based on tolerance.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Azacitidine?
Exercise is generally safe but should be light and adjusted to how you feel. Avoid strenuous activities if you're fatigued or have low blood counts. Always consult your doctor before starting a new exercise routine.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Azacitidine?
Alcohol is best avoided during Azacitidine treatment as it may increase liver strain and worsen side effects like nausea. Consult your doctor for specific recommendations about alcohol use.
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