Artemether + Lumefantrine
Falciparum Malaria
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Antimalarial
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Summary
Artemether and lumefantrine are used to treat malaria, which is a disease caused by parasites transmitted through mosquito bites. This combination is specifically for uncomplicated malaria, meaning the infection is not severe and does not involve complications like organ failure. Artemether acts quickly to reduce symptoms, while lumefantrine ensures complete clearance of parasites and prevents the infection from returning. They are not used for severe malaria or for prevention of malaria.
Artemether and lumefantrine work together to treat malaria by targeting the parasites in the blood. Artemether, which is a fast-acting component, quickly reduces the number of parasites, providing rapid relief from symptoms. Lumefantrine, which acts more slowly, ensures the complete clearance of parasites and prevents the infection from returning. Both medicines disrupt the parasite's ability to grow and multiply, making them effective in treating and preventing malaria.
The usual adult dose of artemether and lumefantrine is based on a fixed combination tablet, typically taken twice daily. The exact dose depends on the specific formulation, but it usually involves taking a set number of tablets over a three-day period. Artemether, which acts quickly, and lumefantrine, which provides sustained protection, are combined in each tablet to ensure effective treatment. It's important to follow the prescribed dosing schedule to ensure the medicine works properly.
Common side effects of artemether and lumefantrine include headache, dizziness, and nausea, which are generally mild and temporary. Some people may experience more significant adverse effects like heart rhythm changes, which are rare but require medical attention. Both medicines can cause similar side effects, but artemether is more likely to cause dizziness, while lumefantrine may lead to changes in heart rhythm. It's important to monitor for any unusual symptoms and consult a healthcare provider if they occur.
Important warnings for artemether and lumefantrine include the risk of heart rhythm changes, especially in people with existing heart conditions or those taking other medications affecting the heart. It's contraindicated in people allergic to either component. Both medicines share these warnings, but artemether may cause more dizziness, while lumefantrine may more significantly affect heart rhythm. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of any medical conditions or medications to avoid potential risks.
Indications and Purpose
How does combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine work?
The combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine is used to treat malaria, a disease caused by parasites that enter the body through the bite of a mosquito. Artemether is a fast-acting drug that quickly reduces the number of malaria parasites in the blood. Lumefantrine works more slowly but stays in the body longer to help clear any remaining parasites. Together, they effectively eliminate the malaria infection and reduce the risk of the parasites becoming resistant to treatment.
How effective is combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine?
The combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine is highly effective in treating malaria, specifically caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. According to the NHS, this combination is often used as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. Artemether works by quickly reducing the number of malaria parasites in the blood, while Lumefantrine helps to clear the remaining parasites and prevent recurrence. This dual action makes the combination very effective in clearing the infection and reducing the risk of resistance. However, it is important to complete the full course of treatment to ensure all parasites are eliminated.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine?
The usual dose of the combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine for treating malaria in adults and children weighing 35 kg or more is typically four tablets as an initial dose, followed by four tablets again after 8 hours. Then, four tablets are taken twice daily (morning and evening) for the next two days, making a total of six doses over three days. For children weighing less than 35 kg, the dose is adjusted based on their weight. It's important to follow the specific dosing instructions provided by a healthcare professional or the medication guide.
How does one take combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine?
Artemether and Lumefantrine are taken orally, usually in tablet form. It is important to take the medication with food, as this helps your body absorb the medicine better. The typical course involves taking the medication twice a day for three days. The exact dosage and schedule can vary based on the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider, so it's crucial to follow their guidance closely. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Always complete the full course of treatment even if you start feeling better before finishing all the doses.
For how long is combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine taken?
The combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine is typically taken for a total of 3 days. The usual dosing schedule involves taking the medication twice a day, with doses spaced about 8 hours apart on the first day, and then every 12 hours for the next two days. This regimen helps ensure the effectiveness of the treatment against malaria.
How long does it take for combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine to work?
The combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine is used to treat malaria. According to the NHS, this medication typically starts to work within a few hours of taking the first dose. However, it is important to complete the full course of treatment, which usually lasts three days, to ensure the infection is fully cleared. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) also notes that symptoms should improve within a few days, but if they do not, or if they worsen, it is important to contact a healthcare provider.
Warnings and Precautions
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine?
Yes, there are potential harms and risks associated with taking the combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine. According to the NHS and NLM, common side effects can include headache, dizziness, and loss of appetite. Some people may also experience nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain. More serious side effects, although rare, can include heart rhythm problems, which may manifest as an irregular heartbeat. It's important to take this medication under the guidance of a healthcare professional, who can monitor for any adverse effects and ensure it is safe for you to use.
Can I take combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine with other prescription drugs?
The combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine is used to treat malaria. It is important to be cautious when taking it with other prescription drugs, as interactions can occur. According to the NHS, some medications can affect how Artemether and Lumefantrine work or increase the risk of side effects. For example, drugs that affect heart rhythm, such as certain antibiotics or antidepressants, may interact with this combination. The NLM advises consulting with a healthcare provider or pharmacist before combining it with other medications. They can provide guidance based on your specific health needs and the other drugs you are taking. Always inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are currently using, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Can I take combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine if I am pregnant?
According to the NHS, the combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine is generally not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. This is because there is limited information on its safety for pregnant women. It's important to consult with a healthcare provider to discuss the risks and benefits specific to your situation. The NLM also advises caution and suggests that this medication should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare professional.
Can I take combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine while breastfeeding?
According to the NHS, Artemether and Lumefantrine are used to treat malaria. While there is limited information on the safety of these drugs during breastfeeding, the benefits of treating malaria in the mother may outweigh potential risks to the baby. The NLM suggests that small amounts of these drugs may pass into breast milk, but they are not expected to cause harm to a breastfeeding infant. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to weigh the risks and benefits specific to your situation.
Who should avoid taking combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine?
People who should avoid taking the combination of Artemether and Lumefantrine include those who have a known allergy to either of these drugs or any of their ingredients. Additionally, individuals with a history of heart problems, such as an irregular heartbeat, should be cautious, as this medication can affect heart rhythm. Pregnant women, especially in the first trimester, should also avoid this combination unless absolutely necessary, as it may not be safe for the developing baby. It's important for anyone considering this medication to consult with a healthcare provider to ensure it's safe for their specific health conditions.
