Alvimopan
Postoperative Complications
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Opioid Antagonist
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Alvimopan
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Click HereSummary
Alvimopan is used to help the bowel recover more quickly after bowel surgery. It helps patients resume normal bowel movements and tolerate solid foods more quickly after surgery.
Alvimopan works by blocking the effects of opioids on the gastrointestinal tract. It specifically targets the mu-opioid receptor, helping to prevent opioid-induced constipation without affecting the pain-relieving effects of opioids on the central nervous system.
Alvimopan is typically administered to adults at a dose of 12 mg taken 30 minutes to 5 hours before surgery, followed by 12 mg twice daily after surgery for up to 7 days. It is taken orally, as a capsule.
Common side effects of Alvimopan include constipation, gas, heartburn, difficulty urinating, and back pain. Serious adverse effects may include myocardial infarction, especially with long-term use.
Alvimopan is contraindicated in patients who have taken therapeutic doses of opioids for more than 7 consecutive days prior to taking it. It is not recommended for patients with severe hepatic impairment, end-stage renal disease, or complete gastrointestinal obstruction. There is a potential risk of myocardial infarction with long-term use, so it is only for short-term hospital use.
Indications and Purpose
What is Alvimopan used for?
Alvimopan is indicated for accelerating the recovery of gastrointestinal function following surgeries that include partial bowel resection with primary anastomosis. It is used to help patients resume normal bowel movements and tolerate solid foods more quickly after surgery.
How does Alvimopan work?
Alvimopan works by blocking the effects of opioids on the gastrointestinal tract. It is a selective antagonist of the mu-opioid receptor, which helps prevent opioid-induced constipation without affecting the pain-relieving effects of opioids on the central nervous system.
Is Alvimopan effective?
Alvimopan has been shown to accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function following bowel surgery. In clinical studies, patients receiving Alvimopan experienced faster recovery times compared to those receiving a placebo. The medication helps counteract the effects of opioids on the bowel, allowing for quicker return to normal bowel movements and the ability to eat solid foods.
How does one know if Alvimopan is working?
The benefit of Alvimopan is evaluated by its ability to accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function after bowel surgery. This is measured by the time it takes for patients to tolerate solid food and have their first bowel movement, as well as the time to discharge from the hospital.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Alvimopan?
Alvimopan is typically administered to adults at a dose of 12 mg, taken 30 minutes to 5 hours before surgery, followed by 12 mg twice daily after surgery for up to 7 days. It is not recommended for use in children, as safety and effectiveness have not been established for pediatric patients.
How do I take Alvimopan?
Alvimopan is taken as a capsule by mouth, usually 30 minutes to 5 hours before surgery, and then twice daily after surgery. It can be taken with or without food, and there are no specific dietary restrictions unless advised by your doctor.
For how long do I take Alvimopan?
Alvimopan is intended for short-term use only, typically administered for up to 7 days following bowel surgery. Patients should not receive more than 15 doses during their hospital stay.
How long does it take for Alvimopan to start working?
Alvimopan begins to work shortly after administration, helping to accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function following bowel surgery. The exact time frame can vary, but it is designed to aid in quicker recovery during the hospital stay.
How should I store Alvimopan?
Alvimopan should be stored at room temperature, 25°C (77°F), with permissible excursions between 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F). It should be kept in its original packaging until use to protect it from moisture and light.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Alvimopan?
Alvimopan is contraindicated in patients who have taken therapeutic doses of opioids for more than 7 consecutive days prior to taking it. It is not recommended for patients with severe hepatic impairment, end-stage renal disease, or complete gastrointestinal obstruction. There is a potential risk of myocardial infarction with long-term use, so it is only for short-term hospital use.
Can I take Alvimopan with other prescription drugs?
Alvimopan should not be taken with opioid medications, as it can cause gastrointestinal-related adverse reactions in opioid-tolerant patients. It is important to inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions. No significant interactions with acid blockers or antibiotics have been noted.
Can I take Alvimopan with vitamins or supplements?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.
Can Alvimopan be taken safely while pregnant?
There is limited data on the use of Alvimopan in pregnant women, and its effects on fetal harm are not well established. Animal studies have not shown fetal harm, but the potential risks in humans are unknown. Pregnant women should consult their doctor before using Alvimopan.
Can Alvimopan be taken safely while breastfeeding?
There is no data on the presence of Alvimopan in human milk or its effects on breastfed infants. The benefits of breastfeeding should be weighed against the mother's need for Alvimopan and any potential risks to the infant. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Is Alvimopan safe for the elderly?
No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between elderly patients and younger patients. However, greater sensitivity in some older individuals cannot be ruled out. No dosage adjustment based on increased age is required, but elderly patients should be monitored closely for any adverse reactions.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Alvimopan?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Alvimopan?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.