dizone (DISULFIRAM)

What is Dizone?

Dizone is a medicine that helps people with alcohol addiction. It blocks the breakdown of alcohol in the body. This causes unpleasant side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and headaches, when a person drinks alcohol. These side effects make it less likely that the person will want to drink alcohol.

How do I take Dizone?

Dizone should be taken once daily, preferably in the morning, with or without food. Alcohol consumption must be strictly avoided during treatment and for at least 12 hours after stopping the medication. Even small amounts of alcohol can cause a severe reaction, including nausea, vomiting, and headache.

For how long do I take Dizone?

Dizone, is typically used as part of a comprehensive treatment program for alcohol dependence. The duration of use can vary based on individual treatment plans and responses. Generally, Dizone is prescribed for at least 6 months , but some patients may use it for a longer duration, depending on their recovery progress and the advice of their healthcare provider. 

What is Dizone used for?

Dizone is primarily indicated for the treatment of alcohol dependence. It is used as part of a comprehensive treatment program to help individuals who are committed to abstaining from alcohol. Dizone works by causing an unpleasant reaction when alcohol is consumed, discouraging drinking and supporting long-term abstinence.

How long does it take for Dizone to start working?

Dizone begins working immediately after starting treatment, but its effects are only felt when alcohol is consumed. The medication works by blocking the enzyme that breaks down alcohol, causing unpleasant reactions (e.g., nausea, vomiting) when alcohol is ingested. It is most effective when used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for alcohol dependence.

Is Dizone effective?

Clinical studies have shown that Dizone is effective in promoting alcohol abstinence when used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, including counseling and support. Research indicates that individuals who take Dizone are less likely to relapse into drinking compared to those who do not use the medication. Its effectiveness relies on alcohol aversion, created by the severe reactions caused when alcohol is consumed.

How does one know if Dizone is working?

The benefit of Dizone is evaluated by monitoring the patient’s alcohol consumption and abstinence. Healthcare providers track compliance with the medication regimen, often using urine tests or blood tests to check for alcohol metabolites. The patient's progress in maintaining sobriety and avoiding relapse is assessed through regular follow-up visits and support programs.

How does Dizone work?

Dizone works by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase in the liver, which is responsible for breaking down acetaldehyde, a byproduct of alcohol metabolism. When alcohol is consumed, acetaldehyde builds up in the body, causing a severe reaction including flushing, nausea, vomiting, and headache. This unpleasant reaction discourages individuals from drinking alcohol while on the medication.

Who should avoid taking Dizone?

Important warnings and contraindications for Dizone include:

1. Severe alcohol consumption should be avoided for at least 12 hours before starting treatment, as it can cause severe reactions.
2. Liver disease: Dizone can be toxic to the liver, so it should not be used in individuals with severe liver dysfunction.
3. Caution in patients with heart disease, psychosis, or diabetes, as it can worsen these conditions.
4. Pregnancy: Should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.
5. Alcohol or drug interactions: Avoid combining with alcohol or medications containing alcohol.

Can I take Dizone with vitamins or supplements?

The most significant interactions of Dizone with vitamins or supplements include:

1. Multivitamins with alcohol content: Supplements containing alcohol or ethanol can trigger severe reactions, similar to alcohol consumption.
2. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): While there are no direct harmful interactions, thiamine deficiency may occur in alcohol-dependent individuals, and supplementation may be beneficial.

Always consult a healthcare provider before taking vitamins or supplements while on Dizone.

Can I take Dizone with other prescription drugs?

Significant interactions with Dizone include alcohol-containing medications (causing severe reactions), anticoagulants (increasing bleeding risk), phenytoin (raising toxicity), isoniazid (increasing peripheral neuropathy risk), and metronidazole (enhancing toxic effects like nausea). Patients should avoid these combinations and inform healthcare providers about all medications to prevent serious interactions and side effects.

Can Dizone be taken safely while pregnant?

Dizone is classified as Category C during pregnancy, meaning its safety is not well-established. Animal studies show potential fetal harm, and there are limited human studies. It should only be used during pregnancy if the benefit outweighs the risk, and after consulting a healthcare provider. Pregnant women should avoid alcohol during treatment due to potential complications.

Can Dizone be taken safely while breastfeeding?

Dizone is excreted in breast milk, but its effects on a breastfeeding infant are not well-studied. Due to potential risks such as sedation or toxicity, it is generally recommended to avoid using Dizone while breastfeeding. If necessary, an alternative treatment should be considered, and a healthcare provider should be consulted for guidance.

Is Dizone safe for the elderly?

For older adults, it's best to start with a lower dose of Dizone. This is because they often have other health problems or are taking other medications that can affect how their bodies process Dizone. While Dizone works the same in older and younger adults, it's important to be cautious and start with a lower dose to avoid any potential issues.

How should I store Dizone?

Dizone should be stored at room temperature (between 20°C to 25°C or 68°F to 77°F), away from excessive heat and moisture. Keep the medication in a tightly closed container, out of the reach of children. Avoid storing it in the bathroom where humidity can affect the medication. Always check the expiration date before use.

Does Dizone make people tired or drowsy?

Mild drowsiness and fatigability are reported in a small number of patients, typically transient and occurring during the first two weeks of therapy. If fatigue persists, the dose may need adjustment or switching to nighttime administration. Consult your doctor for advice​.

Does Dizone cause stomach upset?

Dizone can cause nausea and abdominal discomfort, particularly if alcohol is consumed. This reaction is due to acetaldehyde accumulation when alcohol is ingested. Persistent stomach upset should be reported to a doctor​.

Does Dizone affect sleep?

Insomnia is not commonly reported with Dizone, but the timing of the dose can influence sleep. If sleep disturbances occur, switching to a morning dose may help. Consult your healthcare provider for adjustments​.

Does Dizone make it hard to think or concentrate?

Cognitive side effects, such as confusion or difficulty concentrating, may occur during an alcohol-Dizone reaction. These effects are typically transient. Avoid alcohol and discuss concerns with your doctor​.

Does Dizone affect mood?

Mood disturbances, including psychotic reactions, have been reported in rare cases, often linked to high doses or underlying psychiatric conditions. Report significant mood changes to your doctor​.

Does Dizone interfere with sexual function?

Impotence is listed as a rare side effect. If sexual dysfunction occurs, discuss possible alternatives or adjustments with your healthcare provider​.

Does Dizone affect appetite?

Dizone may cause you to lose your appetite. If you notice any changes in your appetite, talk to your doctor right away.

Does Dizone cause weight gain?

Weight changes, including weight gain, are not common. Any significant changes in weight should be reported to your healthcare provider

Does Dizone cause headaches?

Dizone is a medication that can cause throbbing headaches as a side effect. However, it is not clear how often this occurs. If you experience a headache while taking Dizone, it is important to consult with your doctor.

Does Dizone limit driving?

Dizone can cause blurred vision and confusion, which can make it unsafe to drive. If you experience these side effects, stop driving and talk to your doctor right away.

What are Dizone possible harms and risks?

Common side effects of Dizone include drowsiness, fatigue, headache, metallic taste, and skin rash. Significant adverse effects can include severe reactions when alcohol is consumed (nausea, vomiting, flushing, headache), liver toxicity, and neurological effects like confusion or tremors. In rare cases, psychosis and cardiovascular issues may occur. Regular monitoring is advised.