How can I know my estimated average blood glucose?

Diabetes is a growing health crisis in India, affecting millions of adults and the elderly. With sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, and genetic predisposition driving its rise, effective blood glucose monitoring is crucial. Understanding the estimated average blood glucose levels is vital for effective diabetes management and preventing complications. These levels provide insight into long-term glucose control, helping to adjust lifestyle and medication. Maintaining optimal levels reduces the risk of serious complications like cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, and kidney failure. Regular monitoring enables early detection of trends, empowering individuals to make informed decisions for better health and improved quality of life.

Estimated Average Glucose (eAG) is a measure that reflects the average blood glucose levels over a period of time, typically the past 2-3 months. It is derived from HbA1c, a blood test that shows the percentage of glucose attached to hemoglobin. The eAG is expressed in the same units as daily blood glucose measurements, typically milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).

eAG and HbA1c are closely linked. While HbA1c gives an overall percentage of blood glucose control, eAG provides a more understandable daily equivalent. For instance, an HbA1c of 6% roughly correlates with an eAG of 126 mg/dL.

Knowing your eAG helps you understand how your blood glucose levels fluctuate over time and how your management strategies (like diet and medication) are working. It provides a clearer picture of long-term control, helping prevent complications such as heart disease, nerve damage, and kidney issues. Monitoring both eAG and HbA1c allows for better health management and more informed decisions regarding lifestyle changes and treatment.

Healthy individuals: HbA1c <5.7% — Normal A1c levels for non-diabetics 5.7-6.5% — A1c prediabetes level ≥ 6.5% — Diabetes Average blood sugar calculated from the HbA1c <139.85 mg/dL or <7.77 mmol/L — Correct level >139.85 mg/dL or >7.77 mmol/L — Diabetes Individuals with diabetes: HbA1c <6% — Pregnant women with diabetes. < 6.5% — Excellent result for the general population, a good result for children and adolescents (be careful about hypoglycemic episodes!). <7% — Recommended result for the general population. <8% — Good result for people over 80 years old, or with severe comorbidities. ≥7% — Too high HbA1c for general population. Average blood sugar calculated from the HbA1c <154.2 mg/dL or <8.57 mmol/L — Estimated average glucose normal range >154.2 mg/dL or >8.57 mmol/L — High level of glucose

The formula to calculate the estimated average glucose calculation includes: Est Avg Glucose= (28.7 * HbA1c)- 46.7 Where; Estimate Average Glucose is given in mg/dL; and HbA1c is given in %.

To manage blood glucose effectively, focus on a balanced diet rich in fiber, whole grains, and lean proteins while limiting refined sugars and processed foods. Regular physical activity, such as walking or cycling, helps improve insulin sensitivity. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days. Monitor your blood glucose regularly to track trends. Additionally, maintain a healthy weight, stay hydrated, and schedule regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to prevent complications and ensure optimal health.